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首页> 外文期刊>Applied Microbiology >Weathering-Associated Bacteria from the Damma Glacier Forefield: Physiological Capabilities and Impact on Granite Dissolution
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Weathering-Associated Bacteria from the Damma Glacier Forefield: Physiological Capabilities and Impact on Granite Dissolution

机译：来自达马冰川前场的风化相关细菌：生理能力及其对花岗岩溶解的影响

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Several bacterial strains isolated from granitic rock material in front of the Damma glacier (Central Swiss Alps) were shown (i) to grow in the presence of granite powder and a glucose-NH_(4)Cl minimal medium without additional macro- or micronutrients and (ii) to produce weathering-associated agents. In particular, four bacterial isolates (one isolate each of Arthrobacter sp., Janthinobacterium sp., Leifsonia sp., and Polaromonas sp.) were weathering associated. In comparison to what was observed in abiotic experiments, the presence of these strains caused a significant increase of granite dissolution (as measured by the release of Fe, Ca, K, Mg, and Mn). These most promising weathering-associated bacterial species exhibited four main features rendering them more efficient in mineral dissolution than the other investigated isolates: (i) a major part of their bacterial cells was attached to the granite surfaces and not suspended in solution, (ii) they secreted the largest amounts of oxalic acid, (iii) they lowered the pH of the solution, and (iv) they formed significant amounts of HCN. As far as we know, this is the first report showing that the combined action of oxalic acid and HCN appears to be associated with enhanced elemental release from granite, in particular of Fe. This suggests that extensive microbial colonization of the granite surfaces could play a crucial role in the initial soil formation in previously glaciated mountain areas.
机译：从Damma冰川（中部瑞士阿尔卑斯山）前的花岗岩岩石材料中分离出的几种细菌菌株显示为（i）在存在花岗岩粉末和葡萄糖-NH_（4）Cl基本培养基的情况下生长，而没有额外的大量或微量营养素。 （ii）生产与风化有关的物质。尤其是，有四个细菌分离株（关节杆菌属，詹氏菌属，Leifsonia属菌和北极单胞菌属各一个）。与在非生物实验中观察到的相比，这些菌株的存在导致花岗岩溶出量显着增加（通过Fe，Ca，K，Mg和Mn的释放来衡量）。这些最有前途的与风化有关的细菌物种表现出四个主要特征，使其在矿物分解中的效率比其他被研究的分离菌更为有效：（i）细菌细胞的大部分附着在花岗岩表面，而不是悬浮在溶液中;（ii）他们分泌了最多的草酸;（iii）降低了溶液的pH;（iv）形成了大量的HCN。据我们所知，这是第一份报告，表明草酸和HCN的联合作用似乎与花岗岩，特别是铁中元素的释放增强有关。这表明花岗岩表面广泛的微生物定殖可能在先前冰川山区的初始土壤形成中起关键作用。

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