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首页> 外文期刊>Applied Microbiology >Effects of Experimental Exclusion of Scavengers from Carcasses of Anthrax-Infected Herbivores on Bacillus anthracis Sporulation, Survival, and Distribution
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Effects of Experimental Exclusion of Scavengers from Carcasses of Anthrax-Infected Herbivores on Bacillus anthracis Sporulation, Survival, and Distribution

机译：实验排除炭疽感染的食草动物尸体清除剂对炭疽芽孢杆菌的形成，存活和分布的影响

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摘要

Scavenging of anthrax carcasses has long been hypothesized to play a critical role in the production of the infectious spore stage of Bacillus anthracis after host death, though empirical studies assessing this are lacking. We compared B. anthracis spore production, distribution, and survival at naturally occurring anthrax herbivore carcasses that were either experimentally caged to exclude vertebrate scavengers or left unmanipulated. We found no significant effect of scavengers on soil spore density ( P > 0.05). Soil stained with terminally hemorrhaged blood and with nonhemorrhagic fluids exhibited high levels of B. anthracis spore contamination (ranging from 10~(3) to 10~(8) spores/g), even in the absence of vertebrate scavengers. At most of the carcass sites, we also found that spore density in samples taken from hemorrhagic-fluid-stained soil continued to increase for >4 days after host death. We conclude that scavenging by vertebrates is not a critical factor in the life cycle of B. anthracis and that anthrax control measures relying on deterrence or exclusion of vertebrate scavengers to prevent sporulation are unlikely to be effective.
机译：长期以来，人们一直认为清除炭疽病尸体在宿主死亡后在炭疽芽孢杆菌感染性孢子阶段的产生中起着关键作用，尽管缺乏评估这种现象的经验研究。我们比较了炭疽芽孢杆菌孢子的产生，分布和在天然存在的炭疽草食动物尸体上的存活率，这些炭疽草食动物尸体通过实验被关在笼中以排除脊椎动物的清道夫或未被操纵。我们发现清除剂对土壤孢子密度没有显着影响（P> 0.05）。甚至在没有脊椎动物清除剂的情况下，沾有末端出血的血液和非失血性液体染色的土壤也表现出高水平的炭疽芽孢杆菌孢子污染（范围从10〜（3）至10〜（8）/ g）。在大多数car体部位，我们还发现从出血性液体染色的土壤中采集的样品中的孢子密度在寄主死亡后持续增加> 4天。我们得出结论，脊椎动物清除不是炭疽杆菌生命周期中的关键因素，而依靠阻止或清除脊椎动物清除剂以防止孢子形成的炭疽控制措施不太可能有效。

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