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首页> 外文期刊>Applied Microbiology >Inactivation of Human Norovirus in Contaminated Oysters and Clams by High Hydrostatic Pressure
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Inactivation of Human Norovirus in Contaminated Oysters and Clams by High Hydrostatic Pressure

机译：高静水压力使人诺如病毒在受污染的牡蛎和蛤中失活。

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Human norovirus (NoV) is the most frequent causative agent of food-borne disease associated with shellfish consumption. In this study, the effect of high hydrostatic pressure (HHP) on inactivation of NoV was determined. Genogroup I.1 (GI.1) or genogroup II.4 (GII.4) NoV was inoculated into oyster homogenates and treated at 300 to 600 MPa at 25, 6, and 1°C for 5 min. After HHP, samples were treated with RNase and viral particles were extracted with porcine gastric mucin (PGM)-conjugated magnetic beads (PGM-MBs). Viral RNA was then quantified by real-time reverse transcription (RT)-PCR. Since PGM contains histo-blood group-like antigens, which can act as receptors for NoV, deficiency for binding to PGM is an indication of loss of infectivity of NoV. After binding to PGM-MBs, RT-PCR-detectable NoV RNA in oysters was reduced by 0.4 to >4 log_(10) by HHP at 300 to 600 MPa. The GI.1 NoV was more resistant to HHP than the GII.4 NoV ( P < 0.05). HHP at lower temperatures significantly enhanced the inactivation of NoV in oysters ( P < 0.05). Pressure treatment was also conducted for clam homogenates. Treatment at 450 MPa at 1°C achieved a >4 log_(10) reduction of GI.1 NoV in both oyster and clam homogenates. It is therefore concluded that HHP could be applied as a potential intervention for inactivating NoV in raw shellfish. The method of pretreatment of samples with RNase, extraction of viral particles using PGM-MB binding, and quantification of viral RNA using RT-PCR can be explored as a practical means of distinguishing between infectious and noninfectious NoV.
机译：人诺如病毒（NoV）是与贝类食用相关的食源性疾病的最常见病原。在这项研究中，确定了高静水压（HHP）对NoV失活的影响。将基因组I.1（GI.1）或基因组II.4（GII.4）NoV接种到牡蛎匀浆中，并在25、6和1°C下于300至600 MPa下处理5分钟。 HHP后，用RNase处理样品，并用猪胃粘蛋白（PGM）偶联的磁珠（PGM-MBs）提取病毒颗粒。然后通过实时逆转录（RT）-PCR对病毒RNA进行定量。由于PGM含有可以作为NoV受体的组织血类抗原，因此缺乏与PGM结合的迹象表明NoV的感染力丧失。与PGM-MBs结合后，在300至600 MPa下，通过HHP将牡蛎中RT-PCR检测到的NoV RNA降低0.4至> 4 log_（10）。 GI.1 NoV比GII.4 NoV更能抵抗HHP（P <0.05）。较低温度下的HHP显着增强了牡蛎中NoV的失活（P <0.05）。还对蛤homo匀浆进行了压力处理。在牡蛎匀浆和蛤匀浆中，在1°C下以450 MPa的压力处理，GI.1 NoV降低了> 4 log_（10）。因此，可以得出结论，HHP可以作为灭活生贝类NoV的潜在干预措施。作为区分感染性和非感染性NoV的实用手段，可以探索使用RNase预处理样品，使用PGM-MB结合提取病毒颗粒以及使用RT-PCR定量病毒RNA的方法。

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