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首页> 外文期刊>Applied Microbiology >Inactivation of Pathogens in Feces by Desiccation and Urea Treatment for Application in Urine-Diverting Dry Toilets
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Inactivation of Pathogens in Feces by Desiccation and Urea Treatment for Application in Urine-Diverting Dry Toilets

机译：干燥和尿素处理对粪便中病原体的灭活作用，用于分尿干厕

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Ecological sanitation technologies can be effective in providing health and environmental pollution control if they can efficiently reduce the pathogenicity of microorganisms carried in fecal material to safe levels. This study evaluated the sanitizing effects of different additives for dry treatment of feces from urine-diverting dry toilets, based on inactivation of Enterococcus faecalis , Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium, bacteriophages MS2 and ΦX, and Ascaris suum . The additives, ash (A) and oyster shell (O) in different amounts and urea (U) to optimize the process, were compared with no additive, solely urea, and sawdust as controls (C) and were covered ([ x %O:A]) or uncovered ( x %O:A). The main inactivation factors found were desiccation, ammonia content, and pH. S. Typhimurium and E. faecalis were more affected by the ammonia content. A combination of neutral to high pH and desiccation was most effective for inactivation of MS2, and desiccation was most effective for inactivation of ΦX and A. suum . The inactivation rate was modeled for all combinations studied. The most promising treatments were [150%O:A+U], 150%O:A+U, and 150%O:A. According to the models, these could inactivate, for example, 7 log_(10) units of all bacteria and bacteriophages within 83, 125, and 183 days, respectively. The inactivation of A. suum was modeled, albeit the measured decay in egg viability was low.
机译：如果生态卫生技术可以有效地将粪便中携带的微生物的致病性降低到安全水平，则可以有效地控制健康和环境污染。这项研究基于粪便肠球菌，肠炎沙门氏菌血清鼠伤寒沙门氏菌，噬菌体MS2和ΦX以及A虫的灭活作用，评估了不同添加剂对粪尿转移厕所中粪便的干燥处理的消毒效果。将添加剂，不同量的灰分（A）和牡蛎壳（O）和优化工艺的尿素（U）与未添加添加剂，仅尿素和锯末作为对照（C）进行比较并覆盖（[x％O ：A]）或未发现（x％O：A）。发现的主要失活因素是干燥，氨含量和pH。鼠伤寒沙门氏菌和粪肠球菌受氨含量的影响更大。中性至高pH和干燥的组合对于MS2的灭活最有效，而干燥对于ΦX和su。suum的灭活最有效。对所有研究的组合建立了灭活率模型。最有前途的治疗方法是[150％O：A + U]，150％O：A + U和150％O：A。根据模型，它们可以分别例如在83、125和183天内灭活所有细菌和噬菌体的7 log_（10）单位。 su。suum的灭活被建模，尽管测得的卵生存能力下降很小。

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