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Salmonella enterica Diversity in Central Californian Coastal Waterways

机译：加州中部沿海水道中的沙门氏菌多样性

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Salmonella enterica is one of the most important bacterial enteric pathogens worldwide. However, little is known about its distribution and diversity in the environment. The present study explored the diversity of 104 strains of Salmonella enterica isolated over 2 years from 12 coastal waterways in central California. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and multilocus sequence typing were used to probe species diversity. Seventy-four PFGE patterns and 38 sequence types (STs) were found, including 18 newly described STs. Nineteen of 25 PFGE patterns were indistinguishable from those of clinical isolates in PulseNet. The most common ST was consistent with S. enterica serovar Typhimurium, and other frequently detected STs were associated with the serovars Heidelberg and Enteritidis; all of these serovars are important etiologies of salmonellosis. An investigation into S. enterica biogeography was conducted at the level of ST and subspecies. At the ST and subspecies level, we found a taxon-time relationship but no taxon-area or taxon-environmental distance relationships. STs collected during wet versus dry conditions tended to be more similar; however, STs collected from waterways adjacent to watersheds with similar land covers did not tend to be similar. The results suggest that the lack of dispersal limitation may be an important factor affecting the diversity of S. enterica in the region.
机译：肠沙门氏菌是全世界最重要的细菌性肠病原体之一。但是，人们对其在环境中的分布和多样性知之甚少。本研究探索了在2年中从加利福尼亚中部12条沿海水道分离出的104株肠炎沙门氏菌的多样性。脉冲场凝胶电泳（PFGE）和多基因座序列分型被用来探测物种多样性。发现74个PFGE模式和38个序列类型（ST），包括18个新描述的ST。 25种PFGE模式中有19种与PulseNet中的临床分离株没有区别。最常见的ST与肠炎链球菌血清鼠伤寒一致，其他常被发现的ST与海德堡和肠炎沙门氏菌相关。所有这些血清型都是沙门氏菌病的重要病因。在ST和亚种的水平上对肠道链球菌的生物地理学进行了调查。在ST和亚种级别，我们发现了分类时间关系，但没有分类区域或分类环境距离的关系。在潮湿和干燥条件下收集的ST趋于更相似。但是，从与具有相似土地覆盖的流域相邻的水道收集的ST往往不会相似。结果表明，缺乏弥散限制可能是影响该地区小肠链球菌多样性的重要因素。

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