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Constraints on rotational mixing from surface evolution of light elements in massive stars

机译:大质量恒星中轻元素表面演化对旋转混合的约束

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Context. Light elements and nitrogen surface abundances together can constrain the mixing efficiencies in massive stars on the main sequence, because moderate mixing in the surface layers leads to depletion of light elements but only later to enrichment in nitrogen. Aims. We want to test the rotational mixing prescriptions included in the Geneva stellar evolution code (GENEC) by following the evolution of surface abundances of light isotopes in massive stars. Methods. The GENEC is a 1D code containing sophisticated prescriptions for rotational mixing. We implemented an extended reaction network into this code including the light elements Li, Be, and B, which allowed us to perform calculations testing the rotation-induced mixing. Results. We followed 9, 12, and 15?M⊙ models with rotation from the zero age main sequence up to the end of He burning. The calculations show the expected behaviour with faster depletion of light isotopes for faster rotating stars and more massive stars. Conclusions. We find that the mixing prescriptions used in the present rotating models for massive single stars can account for most of the observations; however, the uncertainties are quite large, making it hard to draw a firm conclusion on the mixing scenario.
机译:上下文。轻元素和氮表面的丰度一起可以限制主序列中大质量恒星的混合效率,因为在表层中适度的混合会导致轻元素的消耗,但后来却导致氮的富集。目的我们要通过追踪大质量恒星中轻同位素表面丰度的变化来测试日内瓦恒星演化代码(GENEC)中包含的旋转混合处方。方法。 GENEC是一维代码,包含用于旋转混合的复杂处方。我们在此代码中实现了扩展的反应网络,其中包括Li,Be和B轻元素,这使我们能够执行计算以测试旋转引起的混合。结果。我们遵循了9、12和15?M⊙模型,并从零年龄主序列旋转到He燃烧结束。计算结果表明,对于更快旋转的恒星和更大的恒星,光同位素的消耗更快,具有预期的行为。结论。我们发现,在目前的旋转模型中,对于大质量单颗星使用的混合公式可以解释大多数的观测结果。但是,不确定性很大,因此很难对混合情景做出确切的结论。

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