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首页> 外文期刊>Applied Microbiology >A Function of SmeDEF, the Major Quinolone Resistance Determinant of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, Is the Colonization of Plant Roots
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A Function of SmeDEF, the Major Quinolone Resistance Determinant of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, Is the Colonization of Plant Roots

机译：SmeDEF的功能，麦芽嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌的主要喹诺酮耐药性决定因素，是植物根部的定殖。

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Quinolones are synthetic antibiotics, and the main cause of resistance to these antimicrobials is mutation of the genes encoding their targets. However, in contrast to the case for other organisms, such mutations have not been found in quinolone-resistant Stenotrophomonas maltophilia isolates, in which overproduction of the SmeDEF efflux pump is a major cause of quinolone resistance. SmeDEF is chromosomally encoded and highly conserved in all studied S. maltophilia strains; it is an ancient element that evolved over millions of years in this species. It thus seems unlikely that its main function would be resistance to quinolones, a family of synthetic antibiotics not present in natural environments until the last few decades. Expression of SmeDEF is tightly controlled by the transcriptional repressor SmeT. Our work shows that plant-produced flavonoids can bind to SmeT, releasing it from smeDEF and smeT operators. Antibiotics extruded by SmeDEF do not impede the binding of SmeT to DNA. The fact that plant-produced flavonoids specifically induce smeDEF expression indicates that they are bona fide effectors regulating expression of this resistance determinant. Expression of efflux pumps is usually downregulated unless their activity is needed. Since smeDEF expression is triggered by plant-produced flavonoids, we reasoned that this efflux pump may have a role in the colonization of plants by S. maltophilia . Our results showed that, indeed, deletion of smeE impairs S. maltophilia colonization of plant roots. Altogether, our results indicate that quinolone resistance is a recent function of SmeDEF and that colonization of plant roots is likely one original function of this efflux pump.
机译：喹诺酮类药物是合成抗生素，对这些抗生素产生抗药性的主要原因是编码其靶标的基因突变。但是，与其他生物相比，在对喹诺酮耐药的嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌嗜麦芽孢杆菌分离物中未发现此类突变，其中SmeDEF外排泵的过量生产是引起喹诺酮耐药的主要原因。 SmeDEF是染色体编码的，并且在所有研究过的嗜麦芽孢杆菌菌株中均高度保守。它是一个古老的元素，已经在该物种中发展了数百万年。因此，它的主要功能似乎不太可能是对喹诺酮类药物产生抗药性，喹诺酮类药物是直到最近几十年才在自然环境中出现的一系列合成抗生素。 SmeDEF的表达受转录阻遏物SmeT严格控制。我们的工作表明，植物产生的类黄酮可以与SmeT结合，将其从smeDEF和smeT运营商处释放。 SmeDEF挤出的抗生素不会阻碍SmeT与DNA的结合。植物产生的类黄酮特异性诱导smeDEF表达的事实表明它们是调节该抗性决定簇表达的真正的效应子。除非需要其活动，否则外排泵的表达通常被下调。由于smeDEF表达是由植物产生的类黄酮触发的，因此我们认为这种外排泵可能在嗜麦芽链球菌对植物的定植中起作用。我们的结果表明，确实，smeE的缺失会损害嗜麦芽孢杆菌在植物根部的定植。总之，我们的结果表明，喹诺酮耐药性是SmeDEF的最新功能，植物根部定植可能是这种外排泵的一项原始功能。

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