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首页> 外文期刊>Applied Microbiology >Ubiquity of Insect-Derived Nitrogen Transfer to Plants by Endophytic Insect-Pathogenic Fungi: an Additional Branch of the Soil Nitrogen Cycle
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Ubiquity of Insect-Derived Nitrogen Transfer to Plants by Endophytic Insect-Pathogenic Fungi: an Additional Branch of the Soil Nitrogen Cycle

机译：内生昆虫致病真菌将昆虫衍生的氮转移到植物中的普遍性：土壤氮循环的另一个分支

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The study of symbiotic nitrogen transfer in soil has largely focused on nitrogen-fixing bacteria. Vascular plants can lose a substantial amount of their nitrogen through insect herbivory. Previously, we showed that plants were able to reacquire nitrogen from insects through a partnership with the endophytic, insect-pathogenic fungus Metarhizium robertsii . That is, the endophytic capability and insect pathogenicity of M. robertsii are coupled so that the fungus acts as a conduit to provide insect-derived nitrogen to plant hosts. Here, we assess the ubiquity of this nitrogen transfer in five Metarhizium species representing those with broad ( M. robertsii , M. brunneum , and M. guizhouense ) and narrower insect host ranges ( M. acridum and M. flavoviride ), as well as the insect-pathogenic fungi Beauveria bassiana and Lecanicillium lecanii . Insects were injected with ~(15)N-labeled nitrogen, and we tracked the incorporation of ~(15)N into two dicots, haricot bean ( Phaseolus vulgaris ) and soybean ( Glycine max ), and two monocots, switchgrass ( Panicum virgatum ) and wheat ( Triticum aestivum ), in the presence of these fungi in soil microcosms. All Metarhizium species and B. bassiana but not L. lecanii showed the capacity to transfer nitrogen to plants, although to various degrees. Endophytic association by these fungi increased overall plant productivity. We also showed that in the field, where microbial competition is potentially high, M. robertsii was able to transfer insect-derived nitrogen to plants. Metarhizium spp. and B. bassiana have a worldwide distribution with high soil abundance and may play an important role in the ecological cycling of insect nitrogen back to plant communities.
机译：在土壤中共生氮转移的研究主要集中在固氮细菌上。维管植物可通过昆虫食草而损失大量的氮。以前，我们证明了植物能够通过与内生的，病原性的真菌罗氏沼虾（Metrhizium robertsii）合作从昆虫中获取氮。就是说，罗伯特莫氏菌的内生能力和昆虫致病性相结合，使得真菌充当了将昆虫来源的氮提供给植物宿主的管道。在这里，我们评估了这五个氮素物种中这种氮转移的普遍性，这些物种代表了宽广的（M. robertsii，M。brunneum和M. guizhouense）和较窄的昆虫寄主范围（M. acridum和M. flavoviride）昆虫致病性球孢白僵菌和Lecanicillium lecanii。向昆虫注入〜（15）N标记的氮，我们追踪〜（15）N掺入两个双子叶植物扁豆（菜豆（Phaseolus vulgaris））和大豆（Glycine max），以及两个单子叶植物柳枝木（Panicum virgatum）在土壤微观世界中存在这些真菌的情况下，可以使用小麦和小麦（Triticum aestivum）。尽管不同程度，所有Metrahizium物种和B. bassiana，但不是L. lecanii都具有将氮转移至植物的能力。这些真菌的内生结合提高了植物的整体生产力。我们还表明，在微生物竞争可能很高的田野中，罗伯特氏菌能够将昆虫来源的氮转移到植物中。变种B. and Bassiana和B. bassiana在世界范围内分布，土壤丰度高，并且可能在昆虫氮回到植物群落的生态循环中发挥重要作用。

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