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Low- and high-order gravitational harmonics of rigidly rotating Jupiter

机译：刚性旋转木星的低阶和高阶引力谐波

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The Juno Orbiter has provided improved estimates of the even gravitational harmonics J _(2) to J _(8) of Jupiter. To compute higher-order moments, new methods such as the concentric Maclaurin spheroids (CMS) method have been developed, which surpass the commonly used theory of figures (ToF) method in accuracy. This progress raises the question whether ToF can still provide a useful service for deriving the internal structure of giant planets in the solar system. In this paper, I apply both the ToF and the CMS method to compare results for polytropic Jupiter and for the physical equation of state H/He-REOS.3-based models. An accuracy in the computed values of J _(2) and J _(4) of 0.1% is found to be sufficient in order to obtain the core mass safely within 0.5 M _(⊕) numerical accuracy and the atmospheric metallicity within about 0.0004. ToF to the fourth order provides that accuracy, while ToF to the third order does not for J _(4) . Furthermore, I find that the assumption of rigid rotation yields J _(6) and J _(8) values in agreement with the current Juno estimates, and that higher-order terms ( J _(10) to J _(18) ) deviate by about 10% from predictions by polytropic models. This work suggests that ToF?4 can still be applied to infer the deep internal structure of giant planets, and that the zonal winds on Jupiter reach less deep than 0.9 R _(J) .
机译：朱诺轨道器提供了对木星偶重力谐波J_（2）至J_（8）的改进估计。为了计算高阶矩，已经开发了诸如同心Maclaurin球体（CMS）方法之类的新方法，其精确度超过了常用的数字理论（ToF）方法。这一进展提出了一个问题，即ToF是否仍可以为推导太阳系中巨型行星的内部结构提供有用的服务。在本文中，我同时应用了ToF和CMS方法来比较多变木星和基于状态H / He-REOS.3的状态方程的物理方程的结果。发现J _（2）和J _（4）的计算值的精度为0.1％足够，以便在0.5 M _（⊕）数值精度内安全地获得堆芯质量，并且在大约0.0004范围内安全地获得大气金属性。 ToF到四阶提供了这种准确性，而ToF到三阶却没有提供J _（4）。此外，我发现刚性旋转的假设会产生与当前Juno估计一致的J _（6）和J _（8）值，以及较高阶项（J _（10）至J _（18））与多变模型的预测相差约10％。这项工作表明，ToF？4仍可用于推断巨型行星的深层内部结构，并且木星上的纬向风达到的深度小于0.9 R _（J）。

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