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Endotoxin-binding substances from human leukocytes and platelets.

机译：来自人白细胞和血小板的内毒素结合物质。

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We have found whole human platelets, granulocytes, and mononuclear leukocytes to possess high affinity for the toxic lipopolysaccharide from all gram-negative bacteria tested. We have extracted these cells and platelets with n-butanol-water; all endotoxin-binding activity resided in the organic phase. These endotoxin-binding extracts did not block serologically active groupings on endotoxins or receptors on the erythrocytes. The specificity of these still crude materials was less that that of the highly purified erythrocyte lipopolysaccharide receptor previously described by us, since they bound some bacterial antigens not related to endotoxins. Depending on source, the n-butanol extracts contained 40 to 52% glycerophosphatides (most active), 15 to 22% sphingomyelin, 17% cholesterol, less than 2 to 5% triglycerides, and 7 to 13% inactive peptide. The most active substances in the n-butanol extract were soluble in petroleum ether, whereas the peptide and sphingomyelin were not. Thus, no constituent protein, carbohydrate, or nucleic acid was present in the most highly active material. Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of the petroleum ether-soluble material showed for each extract one lipid band only, which was well defined and migrated similarly to phosphatidyllipids. Because of the lipidic nature of the inhibitory substances from leukocytes and platelets we also tested the lipid A component of bacterial endotoxins and some of its derivatives. Lipid A inhibited endotoxin coating of erythrocytes. De-O-acylation of lipid A left amide-linked 3-D-hydroxymyristic acid intact and increased the inhibitory activity of lipid A 20-fold. Complete de-O- and de-N-acylation destroyed its inhibitory effect.
机译：我们发现整个人类血小板，粒细胞和单核白细胞对来自所有测试的革兰氏阴性细菌的有毒脂多糖具有高度亲和力。我们用正丁醇-水提取了这些细胞和血小板。所有内毒素结合活性都存在于有机相中。这些结合内毒素的提取物不会阻止内毒素或红细胞受体的血清学活性。这些仍然很粗糙的材料的特异性低于我们先前描述的高度纯化的红细胞脂多糖受体的特异性，因为它们结合了一些与内毒素无关的细菌抗原。根据来源，正丁醇提取物含有40％至52％的甘油磷脂（最具活性），15％至22％的鞘磷脂，17％的胆固醇，少于2％至5％的甘油三酸酯和7％至13％的无活性肽。正丁醇提取物中活性最高的物质可溶于石油醚，而肽和鞘磷脂则不然。因此，在活性最高的材料中不存在蛋白质，碳水化合物或核酸。石油醚可溶物质的聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳显示，每种提取物仅具有一个脂质带，该脂质带定义明确且与磷脂酰脂质相似地迁移。由于白细胞和血小板中抑制物质的脂质性质，我们还测试了细菌内毒素及其某些衍生物的脂质A成分。脂质A抑制红细胞的内毒素涂层。脂质A的De-O-酰化使酰胺连接的3-D-羟基肉豆蔻酸完整无损，并且将脂质A的抑制活性提高了20倍。完全的去O-和去N-酰化作用破坏了其抑制作用。

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