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The Cell Wall and Membrane of Cryptococcus neoformans Possess a Mitogen for Human T Lymphocytes

机译：新型隐球菌的细胞壁和膜具有人类T淋巴细胞的促分裂原

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The mechanism of human T-lymphocyte activation by the pathogenic yeast Cryptococcus neoformans has not been established. Previous investigations have suggested that C. neoformanscontains a mitogen for T lymphocytes, while other investigators have attributed lymphocyte proliferation in vitro to a recall antigen. Because of the potential importance of the mechanism of T-cell activation for our understanding of the immune response toC. neoformans, the present studies were performed to determine whether C. neoformans contains a mitogen for T lymphocytes. C. neoformans stimulates fetal blood lymphocytes to proliferate and stimulates proliferation of CD45RA+ cells from adults, indicating that it stimulates naive T cells. The T-cell response to C. neoformans was dependent upon the presence of accessory cells. However, allogeneic cells were sufficient for accessory cell function, indicating that the response was not major histocompatibility complex restricted. The percentage of T cells in the cell cycle was higher than that with the recall antigen tetanus toxoid but lower than that with the mitogenic lectin phytohemagglutinin A or the superantigenStaphylococcus enterotoxin B. Precursor frequency analysis established that 1 in 7,750 ± 2,270 T cells proliferated in response to the cryptococcal cell wall and membrane. Compared to the case for most mitogens or superantigens, the proliferative response is late and the number of T cells that enter the cell cycle and the precursor frequency are low, indicating that the mitogenic effect is modest. However, the mitogenic effect of C. neoformans should be considered when interpreting the immune response to C. neoformans, since even weak mitogens can have profound effects on host defense.
机译：还没有建立致病性酵母新隐球菌激活人类T淋巴细胞的机制。先前的研究表明 C。新甲虫含有一种T淋巴细胞的促分裂原，而其他研究者则认为这种淋巴细胞在体外的增殖归因于召回抗原。由于T细胞活化机制对于我们理解对em的免疫应答具有潜在的重要性。新型 ，本研究旨在确定是否 C。新甲虫含有T淋巴细胞的促分裂原。 C。新甲虫刺激胎儿的淋巴细胞增殖，并刺激成人的CD45RA + 细胞增殖，表明它刺激了幼稚的T细胞。 T细胞对 C的反应。新甲虫依赖于辅助细胞的存在。但是，同种异体细胞足以辅助细胞功能，表明该反应不受主要组织相容性复合物的限制。 T细胞在细胞周期中的百分比高于召回抗原破伤风类毒素，但低于有丝分裂凝集素植物血凝素A或超抗原葡萄球菌肠毒素B的百分比。前体频率分析确定1隐球菌细胞壁和细胞膜增殖了7,750±2,270 T细胞。与大多数促分裂原或超抗原的情况相比，增殖反应较晚，进入细胞周期的T细胞数量和前体频率均较低，表明促分裂作用适中。但是， C的促有丝分裂作用。解释对 C的免疫反应时应考虑新甲虫。 Neoformans ，因为即使弱的促分裂原也可以对宿主防御产生深远的影响。

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