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首页> 外文期刊>Infection and immunity >Extrahepatic Exoerythrocytic Forms of Rodent Malaria Parasites at the Site of Inoculation: Clearance after Immunization, Susceptibility to Primaquine, and Contribution to Blood-Stage Infection
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Extrahepatic Exoerythrocytic Forms of Rodent Malaria Parasites at the Site of Inoculation: Clearance after Immunization, Susceptibility to Primaquine, and Contribution to Blood-Stage Infection

机译：啮齿动物疟疾寄生虫在接种部位的肝外造血形式：免疫后清除，易感伯氨喹和血期感染的原因

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摘要

Plasmodium sporozoites are inoculated into the skin of the mammalian host as infected mosquitoes probe for blood. A proportion of the inoculum enters the bloodstream and goes to the liver, where the sporozoites invade hepatocytes and develop into the next life cycle stage, the exoerythrocytic, or liver, stage. Here, we show that a small fraction of the inoculum remains in the skin and begins to develop into exoerythrocytic forms that can persist for days. Skin exoerythrocytic forms were observed for both Plasmodium berghei and Plasmodium yoelii, two different rodent malaria parasites, suggesting that development in the skin of the mammalian host may be a common property of plasmodia. Our studies demonstrate that skin exoerythrocytic stages are susceptible to destruction in immunized mice, suggesting that their aberrant location does not protect them from the host's adaptive immune response. However, in contrast to their hepatic counterparts, they are not susceptible to primaquine. We took advantage of their resistance to primaquine to test whether they could initiate a blood-stage infection directly from the inoculation site, and our data indicate that these stages are not able to initiate malaria infection.
机译：疟原虫子孢子被接种到哺乳动物宿主的皮肤中，作为被感染的蚊子的血液探针。一部分接种物进入血流并到达肝脏，子孢子在那里侵入肝细胞，并发展到下一个生命周期阶段，即红细胞外或肝阶段。在这里，我们显示出一小部分接种物保留在皮肤中，并开始发展为可以持续数日的外红细胞生成形式。伯氏疟原虫和约氏疟原虫这两种不同的啮齿动物疟疾寄生虫均观察到皮肤红细胞生成形式，这表明哺乳动物宿主皮肤中的发育可能是疟原虫的共同特征。我们的研究表明，皮肤外红细胞生成阶段在免疫小鼠中很容易受到破坏，这表明它们异常的位置不能保护它们免受宿主的适应性免疫反应。但是，与肝对应物相比，它们对伯氨喹不敏感。我们利用它们对伯氨喹的抗性来测试它们是否可以直接从接种部位引发血液阶段感染，并且我们的数据表明这些阶段无法引发疟疾感染。

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