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Implication of Glycerol and Phospholipid Transporters in Mycoplasma pneumoniae Growth and Virulence

机译：甘油和磷脂转运蛋白在肺炎支原体生长和毒力中的意义

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Mycoplasma pneumoniae, the causative agent of atypical pneumonia, is one of the bacteria with the smallest genomes that are nonetheless capable of independent life. Because of their longstanding close association with their human host, the bacteria have undergone reductive evolution and lost most biosynthetic abilities. Therefore, they depend on nutrients provided by the host that have to be taken up by the cell. Indeed, M. pneumoniae has a large set of hitherto unexplored transporters and lipoproteins that may be implicated in transport processes. Together, these proteins account for about 17% of the protein complement of M. pneumoniae. In the natural habitat of M. pneumoniae, human lung epithelial surfaces, phospholipids are the major available carbon source. Thus, the uptake and utilization of glycerol and glycerophosphodiesters that are generated by the activity of lipases are important for the nutrition of M. pneumoniae in its common habitat. In this study, we have investigated the roles of several potential transport proteins and lipoproteins in the utilization of glycerol and glycerophosphodiesters. On the basis of experiments with the corresponding mutant strains, our results demonstrate that the newly identified GlpU transport protein (MPN421) is responsible for the uptake of the glycerophosphodiester glycerophosphocholine, which is then intracellularly cleaved to glycerol-3-phosphate and choline. In addition, the proteins MPN076 and MPN077 are accessory factors in glycerophosphocholine uptake. Moreover, the lipoproteins MPN133 and MPN284 are essential for the uptake of glycerol. Our data suggest that they may act as binding proteins for glycerol and deliver glycerol molecules to the glycerol facilitator GlpF.
机译：肺炎支原体是非典型肺炎的病原体，是具有最小基因组且仍能够独立生活的细菌之一。由于细菌与人类宿主的长期密切联系，使其经历了还原性进化并丧失了大多数生物合成能力。因此，它们依赖于宿主提供的营养，细胞必须吸收这些营养。实际上，肺炎支原体具有大量迄今尚未探索的转运蛋白和脂蛋白，可能与转运过程有关。这些蛋白质加在一起约占肺炎支原体蛋白质补体的17％。在肺炎支原体的自然栖息地，人肺上皮表面中，磷脂是主要的可用碳源。因此，由脂肪酶的活性产生的甘油和甘油磷酸二酯的摄取和利用对于肺炎支原体的常见栖息地的营养很重要。在这项研究中，我们研究了几种潜在的转运蛋白和脂蛋白在甘油和甘油磷酸二酯利用中的作用。根据相应突变菌株的实验，我们的结果表明，新鉴定的GlpU转运蛋白（MPN421）负责摄取甘油磷酸二酯甘油磷酸胆碱，然后将其在细胞内裂解为3-磷酸甘油和胆碱。此外，蛋白质MPN076和MPN077是甘油磷酸胆碱摄取的辅助因子。此外，脂蛋白MPN133和MPN284对于摄取甘油至关重要。我们的数据表明，它们可能充当甘油的结合蛋白，并将甘油分子传递至甘油促进剂GlpF。

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