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首页> 外文期刊>Infection and immunity >Pathogenic Bacterial Species Associated with Endodontic Infection Evade Innate Immune Control by Disabling Neutrophils
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Pathogenic Bacterial Species Associated with Endodontic Infection Evade Innate Immune Control by Disabling Neutrophils

机译：与牙髓感染相关的致病性细菌通过禁用中性粒细胞逃避先天免疫控制。

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Endodontic infections, in which oral bacteria access the tooth pulp chamber, are common and do not resolve once established. To investigate the effects of these infections on the innate immune response, we established a mouse subcutaneous chamber model, where a mixture of four oral pathogens commonly associated with these infections (endodontic pathogens [EP]), i.e., Fusobacterium nucleatum, Streptococcus intermedius, Parvimonas micra, and Prevotella intermedia, was inoculated into subcutaneously implanted titanium chambers. Cells that infiltrated the chamber after these infections were primarily neutrophils; however, these neutrophils were unable to control the infection. Infection with a nonpathogenic oral bacterial species, Streptococcus mitis, resulted in well-controlled infection, with bacterial numbers reduced by 4 to 5 log units after 7 days. Propidium iodide (PI) staining of the chamber neutrophils identified three distinct populations: neutrophils from EP-infected chambers were intermediate in PI staining, while cells in chambers from mice infected with S. mitis were PI positive (apoptotic) or negative (live). Strikingly, neutrophils from EP-infected chambers were severely impaired in their ability to phagocytose and to generate reactive oxygen species in vitro after removal from the chamber compared to cells from S. mitis-infected chambers. The mechanism of neutrophil impairment was necrotic cell death as determined by morphological analyses. P. intermedia alone could induce a similar neutrophil phenotype. We conclude that the endodontic pathogens, particularly P. intermedia, can efficiently disable and kill infiltrating neutrophils, allowing these infections to become established. These results can help explain the persistence of endodontic infections and demonstrate a new virulence mechanism associated with P. intermedia.
机译：口腔细菌进入牙髓腔的牙髓感染很常见，一旦建立就无法解决。为了研究这些感染对先天免疫反应的影响，我们建立了一个小鼠皮下腔室模型，在该模型中，通常与这些感染相关的四种口腔病原体（牙髓病原体[EP]）的混合物，即核梭状芽胞杆菌，中间链球菌，Parvimonas将micra和Prevotella intermedia接种到皮下植入的钛室中。这些感染后渗入腔室的细胞主要是嗜中性粒细胞。但是，这些嗜中性粒细胞无法控制感染。感染非致病性口腔细菌物种（链球菌）可导致感染得到良好控制，7天后细菌数量减少了4至5个对数单位。小室嗜中性粒细胞的碘化丙啶（PI）染色鉴定出三个不同的种群：EP感染小室的嗜中性粒细胞在PI染色中处于中间状态，而感染链球菌的小鼠小室中的细胞为PI阳性（凋亡）或阴性（活细胞）。令人惊讶的是，与感染了链霉菌的室相比，来自EP感染室的中性粒细胞在吞噬后从体外被吞噬和产生活性氧的能力大大受损。中性粒细胞损害的机制是通过形态学分析确定的坏死细胞死亡。单独的中间疟原虫可以诱导相似的嗜中性粒细胞表型。我们得出的结论是，牙髓病原体，尤其是中间假单胞菌，可以有效地破坏和杀死浸润的嗜中性粒细胞，从而使这些感染得以确立。这些结果可以帮助解释牙髓感染的持续性，并证明与中间假单胞菌相关的新的毒力机制。

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