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Plasmodium falciparum Malaria in the Peruvian Amazon, a Region of Low Transmission, Is Associated with Immunologic Memory

机译：秘鲁亚马逊流域低传播地区的恶性疟原虫疟疾与免疫记忆有关

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The development of clinical immunity to Plasmodium falciparum malaria is thought to require years of parasite exposure, a delay often attributed to difficulties in developing protective antibody levels. In this study, we evaluated several P. falciparum vaccine candidate antigens, including apical membrane antigen 1 (AMA-1), circumsporozoite protein (CSP), erythrocyte binding antigen 175 (EBA-175), and the 19-kDa region of merozoite surface protein 1 (MSP119). After observing a more robust antibody response to MSP119, we evaluated the magnitude and longevity of IgG responses specific to this antigen in Peruvian adults and children before, during, and after P. falciparum infection. In this low-transmission region, even one reported prior infection was sufficient to produce a positive anti-MSP119 IgG response for >5 months in the absence of reinfection. We also observed an expansion of the total plasmablast (CD19+ CD27+ CD38high) population in the majority of individuals shortly after infection and detected MSP1-specific memory B cells in a subset of individuals at various postinfection time points. This evidence supports our hypothesis that effective antimalaria humoral immunity can develop in low-transmission regions.
机译：对恶性疟原虫疟疾的临床免疫力的发展被认为需要多年的寄生虫暴露，这种延迟通常归因于发展保护性抗体水平的困难。在这项研究中，我们评估了几种恶性疟原虫疫苗候选抗原，包括顶膜抗原1（AMA-1），环子孢子蛋白（CSP），红细胞结合抗原175（EBA-175）和裂殖子表面的19 kDa区。蛋白1（MSP1 19 ）。在观察到针对MSP1 19 的更强效抗体反应后，我们评估了秘鲁恶性疟原虫感染之前，之中和之后针对该抗原的IgG特异性IgG反应的强度和寿命。在这个低传播区域，即使没有先例感染，也足以在不进行再感染的情况下在大于5个月的时间内产生抗MSP1 19 IgG阳性反应。我们还观察到感染后不久，大多数人的总浆母细胞（CD19 + CD27 + CD38 high ）人口有所增加，并检测到MSP1感染后各个时间点的个体子集中的特异性B细胞记忆。这一证据支持了我们的假设，即在低传播地区可以产生有效的抗疟疾体液免疫。

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