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首页> 外文期刊>International Journal of Molecular Sciences >The Neuroprotective Functions of Transforming Growth Factor Beta Proteins
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The Neuroprotective Functions of Transforming Growth Factor Beta Proteins

机译：转化生长因子β蛋白的神经保护功能

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Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) proteins are multifunctional cytokines whose neural functions are increasingly recognized. The machinery of TGF-β signaling, including the serine kinase type transmembrane receptors, is present in the central nervous system. However, the 3 mammalian TGF-β subtypes have distinct distributions in the brain suggesting different neural functions. Evidence of their involvement in the development and plasticity of the nervous system as well as their functions in peripheral organs suggested that they also exhibit neuroprotective functions. Indeed, TGF-β expression is induced following a variety of types of brain tissue injury. The neuroprotective function of TGF-βs is most established following brain ischemia. Damage in experimental animal models of global and focal ischemia was shown to be attenuated by TGF-βs. In addition, support for their neuroprotective actions following trauma, sclerosis multiplex, neurodegenerative diseases, infections, and brain tumors is also accumulating. The review will also describe the potential mechanisms of neuroprotection exerted by TGF-βs including anti-inflammatory, -apoptotic, -excitotoxic actions as well as the promotion of scar formation, angiogenesis, and neuroregeneration. The participation of these mechanisms in the neuroprotective effects of TGF-βs during different brain lesions will also be discussed.
机译：转化生长因子β（TGF-β）蛋白是一种多功能细胞因子，其神经功能得到越来越多的认可。 TGF-β信号转导的机制，包括丝氨酸激酶型跨膜受体，存在于中枢神经系统中。然而，这三种哺乳动物TGF-β亚型在大脑中具有不同的分布，提示不同的神经功能。它们参与神经系统发育和可塑性以及它们在周围器官中的功能的证据表明，它们还具有神经保护功能。确实，在多种类型的脑组织损伤之后诱导了TGF-β表达。 TGF-βs的神经保护功能在脑缺血后最明显。 TGF-βs减轻了局部和局部缺血的实验动物模型的损害。此外，对它们在创伤，多发性硬化症，神经退行性疾病，感染和脑瘤之后的神经保护作用的支持也在积累。该综述还将描述TGF-β发挥神经保护作用的潜在机制，包括抗炎，-凋亡，-兴奋毒性作用以及促进瘢痕形成，血管生成和神经再生。这些机制在不同脑损伤过程中对TGF-βs的神经保护作用的参与也将被讨论。

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