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首页> 外文期刊>Emerging Infectious Diseases >Visceral Leishmaniasis (Kala-Azar) Outbreak in Somali Refugees and Kenyan Shepherds, Kenya
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Visceral Leishmaniasis (Kala-Azar) Outbreak in Somali Refugees and Kenyan Shepherds, Kenya

机译：肯尼亚索马里难民和肯尼亚牧羊犬内脏利什曼病（Kala-Azar）爆发

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To the Editor: A sharp increase in suspected visceral leishmaniasis (VL or kala-azar) cases was reported in April through May 2000 in three Kenyan refugee camps (Ifo, Dagahaley, and Hagadera). Located around Dadaab town in Northeastern Province, the three camps house an estimated 125,000 Somali refugees. VL outbreaks have been well documented in five distinct foci in Kenya (1,2), but until this outbreak, VL was only sporadically seen in the refugee camps or the province. We investigated a possible outbreak in the refugee sites. Before April 2000, doctors would request a formol-gel test (FGT) in case of suspected VL and treat an FGTpositive case with antimonials. Although the FGT is of uncertain validity, it is still used in district hospitals in Kenya for lack of alternative diagnostic tests. We considered a clinician’s request of an FGT as a proxy for “clinical VL suspicion” and assessed the number of FGTs done from January 1999 to March 31, 2000. The first suspected VL patient was traced back to August 1999; this 40-year-old male Somali refugee had been ill for 8 months and sought treatment at Dagahaley camp. He responded well to antimonial treatment. From that date to April 1, 2000, an FGT was requested for five more patients; results were positive for two.
机译：致编辑：据报道，2000年4月至2000年5月，肯尼亚的三个难民营（伊福，达加哈利和哈加德拉）的可疑内脏利什曼病（VL或黑热病）病例急剧增加。这三个营地位于东北省达达卜镇周围，估计容纳了125,000名索马里难民。肯尼亚有五个不同的疫源地有很好的记录说，VL暴发（1,2），但是直到这次暴发之前，VL只是偶尔出现在难民营或全省。我们调查了难民现场可能爆发的疫情。在2000年4月之前，如果怀疑是VL，医生将要求进行甲醛凝胶试验（FGT），并使用锑治疗FGT阳性病例。尽管FGT的有效性不确定，但由于缺乏替代性诊断测试，它仍在肯尼亚的地区医院中使用。我们考虑了临床医生要求FGT作为“临床VL怀疑”的代理人，并评估了1999年1月至2000年3月31日进行的FGT的数量。第一例可疑VL患者可追溯到1999年8月。这名40岁的男性索马里难民病了8个月，在达加哈利（Dagahaley）营地寻求治疗。他对锑的治疗反应良好。从该日期到2000年4月1日，又要求另外5名患者进行FGT;结果是积极的两个。

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