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Lessons and Challenges for Measles Control from Unexpected Large Outbreak, Malawi

机译：马拉维意外大流行控制麻疹的经验教训和挑战

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Despite high reported coverage for routine and supplementary immunization, in 2010 in Malawi, a large measles outbreak occurred that comprised 134,000 cases and 304 deaths. Although the highest attack rates were for young children (2.3%, 7.6%, and 4.5% for children 15 years of age were highly affected (1.0% and 0.4% for persons 15–19 and >19 years, respectively; 28% of all cases). A survey in 8 districts showed routine coverage of 95.0% for children 12–23 months; 57.9% for children 9–11 months; and 60.7% for children covered during the last supplementary immunization activities in 2008. Vaccine effectiveness was 83.9% for 1 dose and 90.5% for 2 doses. A continuous accumulation of susceptible persons during the past decade probably accounts for this outbreak. Countries en route to measles elimination, such as Malawi, should improve outbreak preparedness. Timeliness and the population chosen are crucial elements for reactive campaigns.
机译：尽管报道的常规和补充免疫覆盖率很高，但2010年在马拉维发生了大规模的麻疹暴发，包括134,000例病例和304例死亡。尽管攻击率最高的是年幼的儿童（15岁以下的儿童受到的影响最大，分别为2.3％，7.6％和4.5％（15-19岁的人和19岁以上的人分别为1.0％和0.4％;占总数的28％）在8个地区的一项调查显示，在2008年的最后一次补充免疫活动中，12-23个月儿童的常规覆盖率为95.0％; 9-11个月儿童的覆盖率为57.9％; 60.7％的儿童覆盖率为60.7％。 1剂疫苗和2剂疫苗的90.5％在过去十年中可能是易感人群不断积累的原因，在消除麻疹的国家（如马拉维）应改善疾病爆发的准备工作，及时性和所选人口是关键要素用于反应性运动。

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