• 主题
高级搜索  >
历史搜索 清空历史
首页> 外文期刊>Frontiers in Psychology >Multiple Solutions to the Same Problem: Utilization of Plausibility and Syntax in Sentence Comprehension by Older Adults with Impaired Hearing
【24h】

Multiple Solutions to the Same Problem: Utilization of Plausibility and Syntax in Sentence Comprehension by Older Adults with Impaired Hearing

机译：相同问题的多种解决方案：听力受损的老年人在句子理解中的合理性和句法运用

获取原文
           
页面导航
  • 摘要
  • 著录项
  • 相似文献
  • 相关主题

摘要

A fundamental question in psycholinguistic theory is whether equivalent success in sentence comprehension may come about by different underlying operations. Of special interest is whether adult aging, especially when accompanied by reduced hearing acuity, may shift the balance of reliance on formal syntax vs. plausibility in determining sentence meaning. In two experiments participants were asked to identify the thematic roles in grammatical sentences that contained either plausible or implausible semantic relations. Comprehension of sentence meanings was indexed by the ability to correctly name the agent or the recipient of an action represented in the sentence. In Experiment 1 young and older adults’ comprehension was tested for plausible and implausible sentences with the meaning expressed with either an active-declarative or a passive syntactic form. In Experiment 2 comprehension performance was examined for young adults with age-normal hearing, older adults with good hearing acuity, and age-matched older adults with mild-to-moderate hearing loss for plausible or implausible sentences with meaning expressed with either a subject-relative (SR) or an object-relative (OR) syntactic structure. Experiment 1 showed that the likelihood of interpreting a sentence according to its literal meaning was reduced when that meaning expressed an implausible relationship. Experiment 2 showed that this likelihood was further decreased for OR as compared to SR sentences, and especially so for older adults whose hearing impairment added to the perceptual challenge. Experiment 2 also showed that working memory capacity as measured with a letter-number sequencing task contributed to the likelihood that listeners would base their comprehension responses on the literal syntax even when this processing scheme yielded an implausible meaning. Taken together, the results of both experiments support the postulate that listeners may use more than a single uniform processing strategy for successful sentence comprehension, with the existence of these alternative solutions only revealed when literal syntax and plausibility do not coincide.
机译：心理语言学理论中的一个基本问题是，句子理解中的同等成功是否可以通过不同的基础操作来实现。特别令人感兴趣的是，成年人的衰老，尤其是在伴随听力下降的情况下，是否可以改变在确定句子含义时对形式语法的依赖与合理性之间的平衡。在两个实验中，要求参与者识别包含合理或不可信语义关系的语法句子中的主题角色。通过正确命名句子中所代表动作的代理或接收者的能力来索引对句子含义的理解。在实验1中，对年轻人和老年人的理解力进行了测试，测试其合理性和令人难以置信的句子的含义，包括主动陈述式或被动句法形式。在实验2中，对听觉正常的年轻人，听觉敏锐的老年人以及年龄相匹配的听觉轻度至中度的老年人的理解能力进行了检验，这些句子的含义合理或难以置信，其含义是：相对（SR）或对象相对（OR）句法结构。实验1表明，当一个句子表达出一种难以置信的关系时，根据一个句子的意思来解释该句子的可能性就降低了。实验2显示，与SR句子相比，OR的可能性进一步降低，尤其是对于听力受损加重了知觉挑战的老年人。实验2还表明，用字母数字排序任务测量的工作记忆容量导致了听众将其理解响应基于文字语法的可能性，即使该处理方案产生了令人难以置信的含义。两者合计，这两个实验的结果支持以下假设：听者可以使用多个统一的处理策略来成功理解句子，而这些替代解决方案的存在仅在字面语法和合理性不一致时才显示出来。

著录项

相似文献

  • 外文文献
  • 中文文献
  • 专利
获取原文

客服邮箱：kefu@zhangqiaokeyan.com

京公网安备：11010802029741号 ICP备案号：京ICP备15016152号-6 六维联合信息科技 (北京) 有限公司©版权所有

  • 客服微信

  • 服务号