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首页> 外文期刊>Frontiers in Psychology >Meaningful Memory? Eighteen-Month-Olds Only Remember Cartoons With a Meaningful Storyline
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Meaningful Memory? Eighteen-Month-Olds Only Remember Cartoons With a Meaningful Storyline

机译：有意义的记忆？十八个月大的人只记得故事情节有意义的动画片

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摘要

In two studies we investigated the importance of a storyline for remembering cartoons across a delay of 2 weeks in 18-month-old infants by means of the visual paired-comparison (VPC) paradigm. In Study 1 seventy-one 18-month-olds were tested using similar cartoons as in a recent study from our lab while varying the richness of the storyline information. In a VPC task half of the infants watched uncompromised versions of the cartoons used in the recent study (Storyline Condition), whereas the other half watched Pixelized versions of the cartoons (number of pixels reduced by 98% covering up the narrative, but leaving perceptual details, e.g., colors, movements, the same, and Pixelized Condition). Two weeks later they were presented with the familiar cartoon and a novel cartoon from the same version (Storyline or Pixelized) simultaneously, while being eye-tracked. Results showed that only the infants in the Storyline Condition remembered the target cartoon, thus suggesting that the storyline is important for memory. However, an alternative interpretation of the results could be that what made the infants in the Storyline Condition remember the target cartoon was not the storyline, but the static conceptual information of the objects and agents present in the cartoon (which was not visible in the Pixelized version). To test this possibility, a control study was created. In Study 2 thirty-six infants were therefore presented with a version of the cartoon in which we broke down the temporal presentation into 1 s segments and presented these out of order. This was done to preserve the static conceptual information (e.g., objects and agents) while still disturbing the storyline. Results showed that the infants in this condition still did not remember the target cartoon, suggesting that the meaningfulness of the storyline – and not only static conceptual information – is important for later memory.
机译：在两项研究中，我们通过视觉配对比较（VPC）模式研究了故事情节对于18个月大的婴儿在2周的延迟中记忆卡通的重要性。在研究1中，使用与我们实验室最近的一项研究类似的漫画对71名18个月大的孩子进行了测试，同时改变了故事情节信息的丰富程度。在VPC任务中，一半的婴儿观看了最近研究中使用的动画片的完整版本（Storyline条件），而另一半观看了像素化的动画片版本（像素数量减少了98％掩盖了叙述，但保持了感知能力）详细信息，例如颜色，运动，相同和像素化条件）。两周后，他们在观看眼动的同时，向他们展示了熟悉的卡通和来自同一版本（Storyline或Pixelized）的新颖卡通。结果表明，只有故事情节条件下的婴儿才记住目标卡通，这表明故事情节对记忆很重要。但是，对结果的另一种解释可能是使故事情节条件下的婴儿记住目标卡通的不是故事情节，而是卡通中存在的对象和代理的静态概念信息（在像素化中不可见）版）。为了测试这种可能性，创建了一个对照研究。因此，在研究2中，为36名婴儿提供了卡通版本，在该版本中，我们将颞部表现分为1 s片段，然后按顺序显示了这些片段。这样做是为了保留静态的概念性信息（例如，对象和代理），同时仍会干扰故事情节。结果表明，处于这种状态的婴儿仍然不记得目标漫画，这表明故事情节的意义（不仅是静态的概念信息）对于以后的记忆很重要。

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