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Risks in housing and communal services and major repairs program for apartment buildings in Moscow. Experience of the first years of implementation

机译：莫斯科公寓建筑的住房和公共服务以及大型维修计划的风险。实施第一年的经验

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摘要

The Housing Code of the Russian Federation has been significantly amended by Federal Law No. 271-FZ of December 25, 2012 [1] with respect to the issues pertaining to major repairs of apartment buildings. Since that moment, the obligation to pay for maintenance and repair of common property has transferred from the state to owners. Since 2013 owners of the premises are required to pay for major repairs the minimum amount (17 rubles per one square meter in Moscow) set by the regulatory legal act of the sub-federal unit of the Russian Federation, or larger amounts (in excess of the minimum) approved by the meeting of owners [2]. In each region of the Russian Federation regional major repair programs were adopted; in Moscow this program was adopted later, at the end of 2014 [3-5], which allowed considering all the pros and cons that had appeared in the regions. Along with the undeniable advantages, the repair in the capital city for the first 3 years (2015-2017) has shown a number of disadvantages and significant risks associated with the low level of design and subsequent problems with the quality, timing and budget constraints encountered by contractors at the repair stage.
机译：2012年12月25日第271-FZ号联邦法律[1]对俄罗斯联邦的《住房法》进行了重大修订，涉及与公寓楼大修有关的问题。从那时起，维护和修理共有财产的义务已从国家转移到所有者。自2013年起，房地所有者必须支付大修的最低金额（莫斯科，俄罗斯每平方米每平方米17卢布），或更高金额（超过最低要求）由业主会议批准[2]。俄罗斯联邦的每个地区都通过了区域重大维修计划;在莫斯科，该计划后来于2014年底采用[3-5]，可以考虑该地区出现的所有利弊。除了不可否认的优势外，首都前三年（2015-2017年）的维修还显示出许多劣势和重大风险，这与低水平的设计以及随后遇到的质量，时间和预算约束等问题有关由承包商在维修阶段。

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