Activation of chromosomal vitellogenin genes in Xenopus oocytes by pure estrogen receptor and independent activation of albumin genes.

E A McKenzie; N A Cridland; J Knowland

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Activation of chromosomal vitellogenin genes in Xenopus oocytes by pure estrogen receptor and independent activation of albumin genes.

机译：爪蟾卵母细胞中卵黄蛋白原染色体基因的激活是通过纯雌激素受体和白蛋白基因的独立激活来实现的。

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We generate pure estrogen receptor protein in Xenopus oocytes by injecting them with estrogen receptor mRNA synthesized in vitro. A chromosomal vitellogenin gene, which normally responds to estrogen only in liver cells, is activated. Primer extension shows that initiation is accurate, and ribonuclease mapping shows that the first exon is correctly spliced out of the initial transcript. Long transcripts are produced, one being equal in length to poly(A)- vitellogenin mRNA. Immunochemical estimates of receptor levels in the oocyte nuclei suggest that pure receptor, acting alone, cannot activate oocyte vitellogenin genes unless unusually large amounts are present. However, when a receptor-free extract from liver cells is also injected, the amount of receptor required is reduced. Such an extract, but not pure receptor, can also activate albumin genes in oocytes.

机译：我们通过在非洲爪蟾卵母细胞中注射体外合成的雌激素受体mRNA产生纯的雌激素受体蛋白。通常仅对肝细胞中的雌激素起反应的染色体卵黄蛋白原基因被激活。引物延伸显示启动是准确的，而核糖核酸酶图显示第一个外显子已正确剪接出初始转录本。产生长的转录物，其长度与聚（A）-卵黄蛋白原mRNA相等。卵母细胞核中受体水平的免疫化学估计表明，单独起作用的纯受体不能激活卵母细胞卵黄蛋白原基因，除非存在异常多的数量。然而，当还注射来自肝细胞的无受体提取物时，所需受体的量减少了。这种提取物而非纯受体也可以激活卵母细胞中的白蛋白基因。

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《Molecular and Cellular Biology》 |1990年第12期|共9页
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E A McKenzie; N A Cridland; J Knowland;
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1. Retinoid X receptor and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor activate an estrogen responsive gene independent of the estrogen receptor. [J] . Nunez SB, Medin JA, Braissant O, Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology . 1997,第1期

机译：类维生素A X受体和过氧化物酶体增殖物激活的受体激活独立于雌激素受体的雌激素响应基因。
2. Unequal activation by estrogen of individual Xenopus vitellogenin genes during development [J] . Wee Chit Ng, Alan P. Wolffe, Jamshed R. Tata Developmental biology . 1984,第1期

机译：发育过程中单个非洲爪蟾卵黄蛋白原基因的雌激素激活不平等
3. Simultaneous analysis of conformation and transcription of A and B groups of vitellogenin genes in male and female Xenopus daring primary and secondary activation by estrogen [J] . Jamshed R. Tata, John L. Williams Nucleic acids research . 1983,第4期

机译：同时分析雄性和雌性非洲爪蟾雌雄激素一次激活和二次激活的卵黄蛋白原基因A和B组的构象和转录的同时分析
4. EARLY VITELLOGENESIS IN EUROPEAN SILVER EELS (ANGUILLA ANGUILLA L.) AS SHOWN BY QUANTITATIVE PCR OF THE ESTROGEN RECEPTOR a, VITELLOGENIN 1, VITELLOGENIN 2, OOCYTE HISTOLOGY AND HORMONE PLASMA LEVELS [C] . A. Palstra, D. Schnabel, M. Nieveen, International Conference of the European Aquaculture Society . 2008

机译：欧洲银鳗（Anguilla Anguilla L.）中的早期vitellogis，如雌激素受体A，Vitellogen1，Vitellogen 2，卵母细胞组织学和激素血浆水平所示
5. The Structure and Localization of IP3 Receptor in Oocytes and eggs of Xenopus and its function in Egg Activation [D] . 粂, 昭苑 1992

机译：非洲爪蟾卵母细胞和卵中IP3受体的结构，定位及其在卵活化中的作用
6. Activation of chromosomal vitellogenin genes in Xenopus oocytes by pure estrogen receptor and independent activation of albumin genes. [O] . E A McKenzie, N A Cridland, J Knowland 1990

机译：爪蟾卵母细胞中卵黄蛋白原染色体基因的激活是由纯雌激素受体和白蛋白基因的独立激活引起的。
7. Activation of chromosomal vitellogenin genes in Xenopus oocytes by pure estrogen receptor and independent activation of albumin genes. [O] . McKenzie, E A, Cridland, N A, Knowland, J 1990

机译：爪蟾卵母细胞中卵黄蛋白原染色体基因的激活是由纯雌激素受体和白蛋白基因的独立激活引起的。
8. Activation of Estrogen Receptor-Beta-Dependent Transcription by Estrogen-Independent Pathways. [R] . Smith, C. L. 2002

机译：雌激素非依赖性途径激活雌激素受体-β依赖性转录。

Activation of chromosomal vitellogenin genes in Xenopus oocytes by pure estrogen receptor and independent activation of albumin genes.

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