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首页> 外文期刊>Molecular and Cellular Biology >Replacement by Drosophila melanogaster Protamines and Mst77F of Histones during Chromatin Condensation in Late Spermatids and Role of Sesame in the Removal of These Proteins from the Male Pronucleus
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Replacement by Drosophila melanogaster Protamines and Mst77F of Histones during Chromatin Condensation in Late Spermatids and Role of Sesame in the Removal of These Proteins from the Male Pronucleus

机译：在后期精子细胞染色质浓缩过程中用果蝇鱼精蛋白和组蛋白的Mst77F替代，芝麻在从男性前核中去除这些蛋白质中的作用

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Chromatin condensation is a typical feature of sperm cells. During mammalian spermiogenesis, histones are first replaced by transition proteins and then by protamines, while little is known for Drosophila melanogaster. Here we characterize three genes in the fly genome, Mst35Ba, Mst35Bb, and Mst77F. The results indicate that Mst35Ba and Mst35Bb encode dProtA and dProtB, respectively. These are considerably larger than mammalian protamines, but, as in mammals, both protamines contain typical cysteine/arginine clusters. Mst77F encodes a linker histone-like protein showing significant similarity to mammalian HILS1 protein. ProtamineA-enhanced green fluorescent protein (eGFP), ProtamineB-eGFP, and Mst77F-eGFP carrying Drosophila lines show that these proteins become the important chromosomal protein components of elongating spermatids, and His2AvDGFP vanishes. Mst77F mutants [ms(3)nc3] are characterized by small round nuclei and are sterile as males. These data suggest the major features of chromatin condensation in Drosophila spermatogenesis correspond to those in mammals. During early fertilization steps, the paternal pronucleus still contains protamines and Mst77F but regains a nucleosomal conformation before zygote formation. In eggs laid by sesame-deficient females, the paternal pronucleus remains in a protamine-based chromatin status but Mst77F-eGFP is removed, suggesting that the sesame gene product is essential for removal of protamines while Mst77F removal is independent of Sesame.
机译：染色质凝聚是精子细胞的典型特征。在哺乳动物的精子发生过程中，组蛋白首先被过渡蛋白取代，然后被鱼精蛋白取代，而果蝇（Drosophila melanogaster）知之甚少。在这里，我们表征了飞行基因组中的三个基因： Mst35Ba ， Mst35Bb 和 Mst77F。结果表明， Mst35Ba 和 Mst35Bb 分别编码dProtA和dProtB。它们比哺乳动物的鱼精蛋白大得多，但是，正如在哺乳动物中一样，两种鱼精蛋白都含有典型的半胱氨酸/精氨酸簇。 Mst77F 编码的连接子组蛋白样蛋白与哺乳动物HILS1蛋白具有显着相似性。带有果蝇的鱼精蛋白增强的绿色荧光蛋白（eGFP），鱼精蛋白B-eGFP和Mst77F-eGFP表明，这些蛋白成为延长精子细胞的重要染色体蛋白成分，而His2AvDGFP消失了。 Mst77F 突变体[ ms （ 3 ） nc3 ]的特征是小圆形核，不育，雄性好。这些数据表明，果蝇精子发生过程中染色质浓缩的主要特征与哺乳动物的特征相对应。在早期的受精步骤中，父亲的原核仍然含有鱼精蛋白和Mst77F，但在合子形成之前恢复了核小体构型。在芝麻缺陷雌性产下的卵中，父本前核仍处于基于鱼精蛋白的染色质状态，但是Mst77F-eGFP被去除，表明芝麻基因产物对于去除鱼精蛋白，而Mst77F的去除与芝麻无关。

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