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Rad53 Phosphorylation Site Clusters Are Important for Rad53 Regulation and Signaling

机译:Rad53磷酸化位点簇对于Rad53调控和信号传导很重要

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Budding yeast Rad53 is an essential protein kinase that is phosphorylated and activated in a MEC1- and TEL1-dependent manner in response to DNA damage. We studied the role of Rad53 phosphorylation through mutation of consensus phosphorylation sites for upstream kinases Mec1 and Tel1. Alanine substitution of the Rad53 amino-terminal TQ cluster region reduced viability and impaired checkpoint functions. These substitution mutations spared the basal interaction with Asf1 and the DNA damage-induced interactions with Rad9. However, they caused a decrease in DNA damage-induced Rad53 kinase activity and an impaired interaction with the protein kinase Dun1. The Dun1 FHA (Forkhead-associated) domain recognized the amino-terminal TQ cluster of Rad53 after DNA damage or replication blockade. Thus, the phosphorylation of Rad53 by upstream kinases is important not only for Rad53 activation but also for creation of an interface between Rad53 and Dun1.
机译:芽芽酵母Rad53是一种必需的蛋白激酶,可响应DNA损伤而以 MEC1 -和 TEL1 依赖的方式磷酸化并激活。我们研究了通过上游激酶Mec1和Tel1的共识磷酸化位点的突变Rad53磷酸化的作用。 Rad53氨基末端TQ簇区域的丙氨酸取代会降低活力,并削弱检查点功能。这些取代突变免除了与Asf1的基础相互作用和与Rad9的DNA损伤诱导的相互作用。但是,它们导致DNA损伤诱导的Rad53激酶活性降低,并且与蛋白激酶Dun1的相互作用减弱。 DNA损坏或复制受阻后,Dun1 FHA(与叉头相关)域识别了Rad53的氨基末端TQ簇。因此,上游激酶对Rad53的磷酸化作用不仅对于Rad53激活很重要,而且对于Rad53与Dun1之间的界面的创建也很重要。

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