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MdmX Promotes Bipolar Mitosis To Suppress Transformation and Tumorigenesis in p53-Deficient Cells and Mice

机译:MdmX促进双极有丝分裂,以抑制p53缺陷细胞和小鼠的转化和肿瘤发生。

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Mdm2 and MdmX are structurally related p53-binding proteins that function as critical negative regulators of p53 activity in embryonic and adult tissue. The overexpression of Mdm2 or MdmX inhibits p53 tumor suppressor functions in vitro, and the amplification of Mdm2 or MdmX is observed in human cancers retaining wild-type p53. We now demonstrate a surprising role for MdmX in suppressing tumorigenesis that is distinct from its oncogenic ability to inhibit p53. The deletion of MdmX induces multipolar mitotic spindle formation and the loss of chromosomes from hyperploid p53-null cells. This reduction in chromosome number, not observed in p53-null cells with Mdm2 deleted, correlates with increased cell proliferation and the spontaneous transformation of MdmX/p53-null mouse embryonic fibroblasts in vitro and with an increased rate of spontaneous tumorigenesis in MdmX/p53-null mice in vivo. These results indicate that MdmX has a p53-independent role in suppressing oncogenic cell transformation, proliferation, and tumorigenesis by promoting centrosome clustering and bipolar mitosis.
机译:Mdm2和MdmX是与结构相关的p53结合蛋白,在胚胎和成年组织中充当p53活性的关键负调节剂。 Mdm2或MdmX的过表达在体外抑制p53肿瘤抑制功能,并且在保留野生型 p53的人类癌症中观察到 Mdm2 MdmX 的扩增。 em>。现在,我们证明MdmX在抑制肿瘤发生中具有令人惊讶的作用,这与其抑制p53的致癌能力不同。 MdmX 的缺失诱导了多极有丝分裂纺锤体的形成和超倍体p53-null细胞染色体的丢失。这种染色体数目的减少(在缺失了 Mdm2 的p53无效细胞中未观察到)与细胞增殖增加和MdmX / p53无效的小鼠胚胎成纤维细胞在体外的自发转化有关,且比率增加。 MdmX / p53-null小鼠体内自发肿瘤发生。这些结果表明,MdmX通过促进中心体簇和双极有丝分裂在抑制致癌细胞转化,增殖和肿瘤发生中具有p53独立的作用。

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