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Role of the HIN Domain in Regulation of Innate Immune Responses

机译：HIN域在调节先天性免疫反应中的作用

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摘要

The oligonucleotide/oligosaccharide binding (OB) fold is employed by proteins to bind nucleic acids during replication, transcription, and translation. Recently, a variation of the OB fold consisting of a tandem pair of OB folds named the HIN (hematopoietic expression, interferon-inducible nature, and nuclear localization) domain was shown to play essential roles in the regulation of innate immune responses originating from binding of nucleic acids in the cytoplasm or the nucleus of the cell. Although the two OB folds of the HIN domain are linked via a long linker region, conserved hydrophobic contacts between the two OB folds hold them together firmly, resulting in a single compact domain. This overall topology of the HIN domain seems to be highly conserved, and proteins containing the HIN domain have been grouped in the PYHIN family. Structures of the recently solved HIN domains reveal that these domains exhibit either absent in melanoma2 (Aim2) HIN-like or p202 HINa-like modes of DNA binding. These two modes of DNA binding seem to result in different responses and as a consequence confer distinct roles on the proteins. This review summarizes our current understanding of the structure and function of the HIN domains in context with the innate immune responses.
机译：蛋白质利用寡核苷酸/寡糖结合（OB）折叠在复制，转录和翻译过程中结合核酸。最近，已证明由一对串联的OB折叠构成的OB折叠的变异（称为HIN（造血细胞表达，干扰素诱导的性质和核定位）结构域）在调节源自于HIF结合的先天免疫应答中起着重要作用。细胞质或细胞核中的核酸。尽管HIN域的两个OB折叠通过一个长连接子区域连接，但两个OB折叠之间的保守疏水接触将它们牢固地固定在一起，从而形成了一个紧凑的域。 HIN结构域的总体拓扑似乎是高度保守的，并且包含HIN结构域的蛋白质已归类到PYHIN家族中。最近解决的HIN域的结构表明，这些域在黑色素瘤2（Aim2）HIN样或p202 HINa样DNA结合模式中不存在。 DNA结合的这两种模式似乎导致不同的响应，因此赋予蛋白质不同的作用。这篇综述总结了我们对先天性免疫应答中HIN结构域的结构和功能的当前理解。

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