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Epigenetic Functions of Smchd1 Repress Gene Clusters on the Inactive X Chromosome and on Autosomes

机译:Smchd1的表观遗传功能抑制非活动X染色体和常染色体上的基因簇。

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The Smchd1 gene encodes a large protein with homology to the SMC family of proteins involved in chromosome condensation and cohesion. Previous studies have found that Smchd1 has an important role in CpG island (CGI) methylation on the inactive X chromosome (Xi) and in stable silencing of some Xi genes. In this study, using genome-wide expression analysis, we showed that Smchd1 is required for the silencing of around 10% of the genes on Xi, apparently independent of CGI hypomethylation, and, moreover, that these genes nonrandomly occur in clusters. Additionally, we found that Smchd1 is required for CpG island methylation and silencing at a cluster of four imprinted genes in the Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) locus on chromosome 7 and genes from the protocadherin-alpha and -beta clusters. All of the affected autosomal loci display developmentally regulated brain-specific methylation patterns which are lost in Smchd1 homozygous mutants. We discuss the implications of these findings for understanding the function of Smchd1 in epigenetic regulation of gene expression.
机译: Smchd1 基因编码一种大蛋白,与参与染色体浓缩和凝聚的SMC蛋白家族同源。先前的研究发现,Smchd1在非活动X染色体(Xi)上的CpG岛(CGI)甲基化以及某些Xi基因的稳定沉默中具有重要作用。在这项研究中,使用全基因组表达分析,我们显示了Smchd1是沉默Xi上大约10%的基因所必需的,显然不依赖于CGI的甲基化不足,此外,这些基因非随机地出现在簇中。此外,我们发现Smchd1是CpG岛甲基化和沉默的必需因子,位于7号染色体上的Prader-Willi综合征(PWS)基因座中的四个印迹基因簇以及原钙粘蛋白α和β簇基因中。所有受影响的常染色体基因座均显示发育调控的大脑特异性甲基化模式,这些模式在 Smchd1 纯合突变体中丢失。我们讨论这些发现的含义,以了解Smchd1在基因表达的表观遗传调控中的功能。

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