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首页> 外文期刊>Molecular and Cellular Biology >Quality Control Pathways for Nucleus-Encoded Eukaryotic tRNA Biosynthesis and Subcellular Trafficking
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Quality Control Pathways for Nucleus-Encoded Eukaryotic tRNA Biosynthesis and Subcellular Trafficking

机译：核编码的真核tRNA生物合成和亚细胞贩运的质量控制途径。

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摘要

tRNAs perform an essential role in translating the genetic code. They are long-lived RNAs that are generated via numerous posttranscriptional steps. Eukaryotic cells have evolved numerous layers of quality control mechanisms to ensure that the tRNAs are appropriately structured, processed, and modified. We describe the known tRNA quality control processes that check tRNAs and correct or destroy aberrant tRNAs. These mechanisms employ two types of exonucleases, CCA end addition, tRNA nuclear aminoacylation, and tRNA subcellular traffic. We arrange these processes in order of the steps that occur from generation of precursor tRNAs by RNA polymerase (Pol) III transcription to end maturation and modification in the nucleus to splicing and additional modifications in the cytoplasm. Finally, we discuss the tRNA retrograde pathway, which allows tRNA reimport into the nucleus for degradation or repair.
机译：tRNA在翻译遗传密码中起着至关重要的作用。它们是通过许多转录后步骤生成的长寿命RNA。真核细胞已进化出许多层的质量控制机制，以确保适当地构造，加工和修饰tRNA。我们描述了检查tRNA并纠正或破坏异常tRNA的已知tRNA质量控制过程。这些机制使用两种类型的核酸外切酶，CCA末端添加，tRNA核氨基酰化和tRNA亚细胞运输。我们按照从RNA聚合酶（Pol）III转录产生前体tRNA到细胞核中成熟和修饰到细胞质中的剪接和其他修饰的顺序排列这些过程。最后，我们讨论了tRNA逆行途径，该途径允许tRNA重新导入细胞核进行降解或修复。

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