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Phenol and Cr(VI) degradation with Mn ion doped ZnO under visible light photocatalysis

机译：锰离子掺杂ZnO在可见光催化下降解苯酚和Cr（VI）

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摘要

Mn ion doped ZnO with different percentages of Mn content (Zn0.9Mn0.1O (1), Zn0.8Mn0.2O (2), Zn0.7Mn0.3O (3), and Zn0.6Mn0.4O (4)) was synthesized via a solution combustion method, with urea used as the fuel. The optical, morphological, and structural properties were studied using Raman, UV-DRS, SEM, TEM, XPS, and powder XRD techniques. The average crystallite sizes of Zn1?xMnxO (1, 2, 3, 4), which are around 30–60 nm, were confirmed via powder X-ray diffraction studies, whereas transmission electron microscopy studies confirmed the formation of a ZnO wurtzite crystal phase. Scanning electron microscopy indicated the spherical morphology of the samples. Raman spectroscopy studies confirmed a decrease in oxygen vacancies with increasing Mn content, whereas confirmation of the doping of Mn ions into the ZnO lattice was obtained using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The band gap energies of samples were calculated using UV-DRS spectroscopy, whereas BET surface area measurements confirmed the surface area. The visible light activity of Zn1?xMnxO (1, 2, 3, 4) was identified through studies of phenol degradation and Cr(VI) reduction under visible light photocatalysis, which highlight that Zn0.8Mn0.2O (2) shows the best activity. Typical degradation profiles indicated that the simultaneous degradation of pollutants is more effective than the removal of individual pollutants.
机译：Mn离子掺杂的ZnO具有不同百分比的Mn含量（Zn 0.9 Mn 0.1 O（1），Zn < small> 0.8 Mn 0.2 O（2），Zn 0.7 Mn 0.3 O（3）和Zn 0.6 Mn 0.4 O（4））是通过溶液燃烧法合成的，其中尿素用作燃料。使用拉曼光谱，UV-DRS，SEM，TEM，XPS和粉末XRD技术研究了光学，形态和结构性质。 Zn 1？ x Mn x <通过粉末X射线衍射研究证实了/ small> O（1、2、3、4）大约30-60 nm，而透射电子显微镜研究证实了ZnO的形成纤锌矿晶体相。扫描电子显微镜表明样品的球形形态。拉曼光谱研究证实，随着锰含量的增加，氧空位的减少，而使用X射线光电子能谱证实了锰离子向ZnO晶格中的掺杂。使用UV-DRS光谱计算样品的带隙能，而BET表面积测量证实了表面积。 Zn 1？ x Mn x <通过研究可见光催化下苯酚的降解和Cr（ VI ）的还原反应确定了/ small> O（1,2,3,4），这表明Zn 0.8 < /sub>Mn0.2O（2）显示最佳活性。典型的降解曲线表明，同时降解污染物比去除单个污染物更有效。

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