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Characterization of uranium in the extracellular polymeric substances of anaerobic granular sludge used to treat uranium-contaminated groundwater

机译：用于处理受铀污染的地下水的厌氧颗粒污泥细胞外聚合物中铀的表征

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Anaerobic granular sludge (AnGS) has been proven to be long-term effective for U(VI) removal and can be used as an inoculum for permeable reactive barriers, which is an innovative technology for remediation of uranium-contaminated groundwater. Considering their great ability in biosorption and bioreduction to common metal ions, extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) should play an important role in U(VI) removal and also in maintaining bioactivity of the AnGS due to toxicity accompanied with uranium. However, the roles of the EPS of AnGS in the uranium immobilization process are not clear. In this study, batch experiments were carried out by treating synthetic uranium-contaminated groundwater with AnGS, and uranium in EPS was extracted using four different methods. Moreover, speciation of uranium in EPS by filtration and inductively coupled plasma with mass spectroscopy and the reaction between isolated EPS and uranyl sulphate solution in a NaHCO3 medium were investigated. The results showed that about 12–16% of the total uranium immobilized by AnGS (extracted by the cation exchange resin (CER) method at 600 rpm for 1 h) was found to be present in EPS in its soluble ionic and particulate forms. For EPS-associated uranium obtained by the CER method, particulate uranium was proven to be the main form with sizes ranging from 24.7 nm to 171.3 nm. In the process of uranium immobilization using EPS isolated from non-reacted AnGS, both biosorption and bioreduction were involved. The findings of this study imply the important roles of EPS in the immobilization of uranium in groundwater using AnGS.
机译：厌氧颗粒污泥（AnGS）已被证明可长期有效地去除U（ VI ），并可作为可渗透反应性屏障的接种物，这是一种修复铀-铀的创新技术。受污染的地下水。考虑到它们对常见金属离子的生物吸附和生物还原的强大能力，细胞外聚合物质（EPS）应在U（ VI ）去除以及由于伴随毒性而维持AnGS的生物活性方面发挥重要作用。铀。然而，尚不清楚AnGS的EPS在铀固定过程中的作用。在这项研究中，通过使用AnGS处理合成铀污染的地下水进行了批量实验，并使用四种不同方法提取了EPS中的铀。此外，还研究了通过过滤和电感耦合等离子体质谱法对EPS中铀的形态进行分析，以及在NaHCO 3 介质中分离的EPS与硫酸铀酰溶液之间的反应。结果表明，经AnGS固定（通过阳离子交换树脂（CER）方法以600 rpm的速度提取1 h）提取的铀中，约有12-16％以可溶的离子和颗粒形式存在于EPS中。对于通过CER方法获得的EPS相关铀，事实证明颗粒铀是主要形式，尺寸范围为24.7 nm至171.3 nm。在使用从未反应的AnGS分离的EPS固定铀的过程中，涉及了生物吸附和生物还原。这项研究的发现暗示了EPS在使用AnGS固定地下水中铀中的重要作用。

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