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Effects of cationic surfactant on the bioaccumulation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in rice and the soil microbial community structure

机译：阳离子表面活性剂对水稻中多环芳烃生物累积及土壤微生物群落结构的影响

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Cationic surfactants have been proposed as adsorbents for the remediation of aerobic agricultural soils contaminated with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). However, the effects of cationic surfactants on the bioavailability of PAHs in paddy soils and on the soil microbial community structure have not been investigated. In this study, cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTMAB) was added into an anaerobic PAH-contaminated soil planted with rice (Oryza sativa L.). After harvest, the addition of 150 mg kg?1 CTMAB significantly reduced the bioavailability of PAHs in the soil and thus the bioaccumulation of PAHs from the soil into the rice roots. Based on the results of Tenax extraction, when applied at appropriate concentrations, CTMAB retarded the PAH desorption from the soil. The above effectiveness of CTMAB was better for high-molecular-weight PAHs (four to six benzene rings) than low-molecular-weight PAHs (two to three benzene rings). Amendment with CTMAB increased the bacterial diversity, species richness, and most of the bacterial phyla (especially involving Acidobacteria and Firmicutes) in the soils (p < 0.05). The contents of organic matter, ammonium nitrogen, and bioavailable PAH concentrations were the top three soil attributes that influenced the bacterial community structure in paddy soils amended with CTMAB. This study indicates that CTMAB applied at appropriate levels, can effectively reduce the environmental risk of PAHs in rice production, primarily via immobilization, and benefit the soil microbial ecology in the short term.
机译：已经提出阳离子表面活性剂作为吸附剂，用于修复被多环芳烃（PAH）污染的需氧农业土壤。但是，尚未研究阳离子表面活性剂对稻田土壤中PAHs生物利用度和土壤微生物群落结构的影响。在这项研究中，将十六烷基三甲基溴化铵（CTMAB）添加到种植有水稻（ L.）的厌氧多环芳烃污染土壤中。收获后，添加150 mg kg ？1 CTMAB会显着降低土壤中PAHs的生物利用度，从而降低PAHs从土壤到水稻根部的生物积累。根据Tenax提取的结果，当以适当的浓度施用时，CTMAB会阻止PAH从土壤中解吸。 CTMAB的上述效果对高分子量PAH（4至6个苯环）要比低分子量PAH（2至3个苯环）更好。对CTMAB的修正增加了土壤（ p ）中细菌的多样性，物种丰富度以及大多数细菌菌群（特别是涉及 Acidobacteria 和 Firmicutes ）。 <0.05）。土壤有机质，铵态氮含量和可利用的PAH浓度是影响用CTMAB改良的稻田土壤细菌群落结构的三大土壤属性。这项研究表明，适量施用CTMAB可以有效地降低水稻生产中PAHs的环境风险，主要是通过固定化，并在短期内有利于土壤微生物生态学。

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