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Flame retardancy and smoke suppression properties of flexible polyurethane foams containing an aluminum phosphate microcapsule

机译：含磷酸铝微胶囊的软质聚氨酯泡沫的阻燃性和抑烟性

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摘要

A novel aluminum phosphate (ALP) microcapsule was synthesized with the aim of enhancing the flame retardancy and smoke suppression properties of flexible polyurethane (PU) foams. Meanwhile, the ALP microcapsule was analyzed by SEM, XRD, and EDX. The ALP microcapsule was added into PU foams to prepare flame retardant PU composites which show good flame retardancy, thermal stability, synergy effect and anti-dripping performance. Meanwhile, the LOI of the PU composites was about 28.5% and a V-0 rating in UL-94 was attained in the case of 15 wt% of the flame retardant compared to 21.0% and no rating for pure PU. An SDR of the PU composites of about 16.0% was attained in the case of 20 wt% of the flame retardant compared to 29.0% for pure PU. The gaseous phase mechanism of PU composites was investigated with thermogravimetry and Py-GC-MS. SEM, EDX and FTIR were employed to investigate the chemical structure and composition of the residual char of the flame retardant PU composites after TG tests. The results indicated that the ALP microcapsule could serve as an outstanding flame retardant that operates by both chemical (condensation) and physical (cooling and blocking) mechanisms. This suggests that the ALP microcapsule may provide a promising option for a new, cost-effective, eco-friendly, yet efficient flame retardant.
机译：合成了一种新型的磷酸铝（ALP）微胶囊，旨在增强软质聚氨酯（PU）泡沫的阻燃性和抑烟性。同时，通过SEM，XRD和EDX分析了ALP微囊。将ALP微胶囊添加到PU泡沫中以制备具有良好的阻燃性，热稳定性，协同作用和抗滴落性能的阻燃PU复合材料。同时，PU复合材料的LOI约为28.5％，在阻燃剂含量为15 wt％的情况下，在UL-94中达到V-0等级，而纯PU则为21.0％。在阻燃剂为20 wt％的情况下，PU复合材料的SDR为约16.0％，而纯PU为29.0％。通过热重分析和Py-GC-MS研究了PU复合材料的气相机理。 SEM，EDX和FTIR研究了TG测试后阻燃PU复合材料的化学结构和残余炭的组成。结果表明，ALP微胶囊可作为出色的阻燃剂，通过化学（冷凝）机理和物理（冷却和阻断）机理起作用。这表明，ALP微囊可能为新型，经济高效，环保且高效的阻燃剂提供有希望的选择。

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