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Antiviral activity and mechanism of gossypols: effects of the O2˙? production rate and the chirality

机译:棉酚的抗病毒活性和作用机理:O 2 ˙?生产速率和手性的影响

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(?)-Gossypol displayed an obviously higher antiviral activity against the tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) than (+)-gossypol, whereas the anti-TMV activity of (?)-gossypol Schiff bases is not significantly higher than (+)-gossypol Schiff bases. A mechanism study indicated that these gossypol compounds could neither inhibit the multiplication of TMV nor induce the systemic acquired resistance of tobacco plants. However, gossypol compounds with high anti-TMV activities could induce the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in tobacco leaves, and this result is in accordance with the characteristics of extreme resistance featuring a necessary early and rapid ROS (O2˙? or H2O2) accumulation in plants. Further study showed that, the anti-TMV activities of the test compounds decreased synchronously when the O2˙? accumulation was reduced by superoxide dismutase (SOD). However, when the H2O2 accumulation was suppressed by hydrogen peroxidase (CAT), the anti-TMV activities did not change. Therefore, compared with the H2O2 accumulation in gossypol compounds-treated tobacco leaves, the O2˙? accumulation is a key factor for the development of the anti-TMV activities of those compounds, and their anti-TMV mechanism belonged to their extreme resistance. Further study showed that the O2˙? accumulation in the (?)-gossypol-treated tobacco leaves was mainly from the tobacco itself, whereas the same O2˙? accumulation in the gossypol Schiff base-treated tobacco leaves was at least partially related to the O2˙? produced by the compound. Accordingly, gossypol compounds achieved their anti-TMV activities by stimulating O2˙? accumulation in the tobacco, which was induced either by the O2˙? production or by the chirality of the gossypol compounds, and this result could also explain why (?)-gossypol or gossypol Schiff bases displayed higher anti-TMV activities than (+)-gossypol.
机译:(?)-棉酚对烟草花叶病毒(TMV)的抗病毒活性明显高于(+)-棉酚,而(?)-棉酚Schiff碱的抗TMV活性并不明显高于(+)-棉酚。希夫碱。一项机理研究表明,这些棉酚化合物既不能抑制TMV的繁殖,也不会诱导烟草植物的系统获得性抗性。但是,具有高抗TMV活性的棉酚化合物可以诱导烟叶中活性氧(ROS)的积累,并且该结果符合具有必需的早期和快速ROS的极端抗性的特征(O < sub> 2 ˙ 或H 2 O 2 )在植物中的积累。进一步的研究表明,当O 2 ˙ 时,受试化合物的抗TMV活性同步下降。超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)可减少积累。但是,当H 2 O 2 的积累被过氧化氢酶(CAT)抑制时,抗TMV活动没有改变。因此,与棉酚化合物处理的烟叶中的H 2 O 2 积累相比,O 2 ˙ 积累是开发这些化合物的抗TMV活性及其抗-TMV活性的关键因素-TMV机制属于其极端抵抗力。进一步的研究表明,(?)-棉酚处理过的烟叶中的O 2 ˙ 积累是主要来自烟草本身,而棉酚席夫碱处理过的烟草中相同的O 2 积累叶片至少与该化合物产生的O 2 ˙ 部分相关。因此,棉酚化合物通过刺激烟草中的O 2 ˙ 积累来实现其抗TMV活性,从而是由O 2 ˙ 的产生或棉酚化合物的手性诱导的,并且该结果还可以解释为什么(?)-棉酚或棉酚席夫碱显示出比(+)-棉酚更高的抗TMV活性。

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