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Application of biochar-based catalysts in biomass upgrading: a review

机译:生物炭基催化剂在生物质升级中的应用

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Biochar is a low-cost carbon-rich material derived from the thermochemical degradation of biomass. Due to its unique chemical structure, biochar with a large surface area and tailored surface functional groups can be easily prepared by activation and/or functionalization, and shows great potential to be used as a versatile catalyst and/or catalyst support in many chemical processes. However, the application of biochars as versatile catalysts and/or catalyst supports for biomass upgrading has not been systematically overviewed so far. In this work, the formation of pyrochar and hydrochar is proposed, and the activation and/or functionalization of biochar are also included. Subsequently, the application of biochar-based catalysts in biomass upgrading, including biochar-based solid acids for biomass hydrolysis and dehydration, biochar-based catalysts for biodiesel production, and biochars as catalyst supports for biomass pyrolysis, gasification, and bio-oil upgrading, are discussed in detail.
机译:生物炭是一种低成本的富含碳的材料,其源自生物质的热化学降解。由于其独特的化学结构,具有大表面积和特定表面官能团的生物炭可以通过活化和/或官能化轻松制备,并显示出在许多化学过程中用作通用催化剂和/或催化剂载体的巨大潜力。然而,迄今为止尚未系统地概述生物炭作为通用催化剂和/或用于生物质升级的催化剂载体的应用。在这项工作中,提出了焦炭和水炭的形成,并且还包括生物炭的活化和/或功能化。随后,生物炭基催化剂在生物质提质中的应用,包括用于生物质水解和脱水的生物炭基固体酸,用于生物柴油生产的生物炭基催化剂,以及作为生物质热解,气化和生物油提质的催化剂载体的生物炭,详细讨论。

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