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Rational selection of halide ions for synthesizing highly active Au@Pd nanobipyramids

机译：合理选择卤离子以合成高活性的Au @ Pd纳米双金字塔

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Pd-based nanostructures with stepped facets possess potential applications in many fields, particularly in catalysis. Generally, crystal growth often only allows the formation of nanostructures with energetically non-stepped facets, so it is desirable to develop methods that can be used to prepare Pd-based nanostructures bounded by stepped facets. Herein, penta-fold twinned (PFT) Au@Pd nanobipyramids (NBs) with stepped {100} facets were synthesized through growing Pd on Au decahedral nanoparticles (NPs) in polyol. During the growth of Au@Pd NBs, Br? was a critical factor, because it has appropriate affinity for the Pd atom and adjusted the growth rate ratio along 〈110〉 and 〈100〉, resulting in the formation of Au@Pd NBs with stepped {100} facets. The product shape and size could be tailored by controlling the reaction conditions. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), high angle annular dark field (HAADF) imaging and scanning transmission electron microscopy EDS (STEM-EDS) were used to investigate the structure and growth of the Au@Pd NBs. A growth mechanism involving two stages was elucidated. In the first stage, the growth of Pd clearly occurred along both 〈110〉 and 〈100〉. In the second stage, the growth along 〈110〉 was faster than that along 〈100〉. Furthermore, we also demonstrated that the as-prepared Au@Pd NBs had high catalytic activity, compared with Pd nanocubes and Pd–Au–Pd segmental nanorods.
机译：具有阶梯小平面的基于Pd的纳米结构在许多领域都有潜在的应用，尤其是在催化领域。通常，晶体生长通常仅允许形成具有能量非阶梯状刻面的纳米结构，因此期望开发可用于制备由阶梯状刻面界定的基于Pd的纳米结构的方法。本文中，通过在多元醇中的Au十面体纳米颗粒（NPs）上生长Pd来合成具有阶梯{100}面的五倍孪晶（PFT）Au @ Pd纳米双锥体（NBs）。在Au @ Pd NBs的生长过程中，Br ？ 是一个关键因素，因为它对Pd原子具有适当的亲和力，并沿〈110〉和〈100〉，形成具有阶梯{100}面的Au @ Pd NB。可以通过控制反应条件来定制产物的形状和大小。使用透射电子显微镜（TEM），高分辨率透射电子显微镜（HRTEM），能量色散光谱（EDS），高角度环形暗场（HAADF）成像和扫描透射电子显微镜EDS（STEM-EDS）来研究结构和Au @ Pd NB的增长。阐明了涉及两个阶段的生长机制。在第一阶段，Pd的生长明显沿<110>和<100>发生。在第二阶段，沿〈110〉的增长快于沿〈100〉的增长。此外，我们还证明，与Pd纳米立方体和Pd–Au–Pd分段纳米棒相比，所制备的Au @ Pd NBs具有较高的催化活性。

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