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Transparent TiO2 nanotubes on zirconia for biomedical applications

机译：氧化锆上的透明TiO 2 纳米管在生物医学中的应用

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Tissue discoloration in dental implant patients with thin gingival tissue is one of the many causes of dental implants’ revision surgery. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to address this issue by developing a surface that has a “tooth like bright colored” appearance while at the same time enhancing the bone implant integration. A biomimetic surface is fabricated by forming transparent TiO2 nanotubes on zirconia (TTNZ) that can enhance the proliferation and attachment of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) as compared to roughened ZrO2. This surface treatment was aimed to resolve tissue discoloration and aesthetic appearance problems for dental implant patients, while also enhancing biocompatibility. TiO2 nanotubes (TNTs) were formed using an electrochemical anodization technique in an electrolyte comprised of NH4F, ethylene glycol and water. The presence of TNTs on the ZrO2 substrate was detected by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). Optical images of longer anodized (20 and 30 min) samples show the white colored appearance characteristic of ZrO2 and FESEM confirmed the presence of TNTs on anodized samples. Surface characteristics of all samples were analyzed using water contact angle analysis, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, white light interferometry and FESEM. Quantitative and qualitative biocompatibility analysis of treated and non-treated ZrO2 surfaces were obtained by performing FESEM, 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and fluorescence microscopy. FESEM revealed well-elongated and well-spread cell morphology on the nanotubular surface as compared to roughened ZrO2. Additionally, MTT assay showed a significantly high cell proliferation for anodized Ti–ZrO2 surface as compared to roughened ZrO2 after 7 days of incubation.
机译：牙龈组织薄的牙科植入物的组织变色是牙科植入物翻修手术的众多原因之一。因此，本研究的目的是通过开发具有“牙齿像亮色”外观的表面来解决这个问题，同时增强骨植入物的整合性。仿生表面是通过在氧化锆（TTNZ）上形成透明的TiO 2 纳米管而制成的，与粗糙的ZrO相比，该纳米管可以增强人间充质干细胞（hMSCs）的增殖和附着。 2 。这种表面处理旨在解决牙齿植入物患者的组织变色和美学外观问题，同时还增强了生物相容性。使用电化学阳极氧化技术在由NH 4 F组成的电解质中形成TiO 2 纳米管（TNT），乙二醇和水。通过场发射扫描电子显微镜（FESEM）检测了ZrO 2 衬底上TNT的存在。较长的阳极氧化样品（20和30分钟）的光学图像显示ZrO 2 的白色外观特征，FESEM确认阳极氧化样品上存在TNT。使用水接触角分析，傅立叶变换红外光谱，白光干涉法和FESEM分析所有样品的表面特性。通过进行FESEM，3-（4,5-二甲基噻唑-2-基）-2，进行了处理过的和未处理过的ZrO 2 表面的定量和定性生物相容性分析。 5-二苯基-2 H -溴化四氮唑（MTT）分析和荧光显微镜。 FESEM显示，与粗糙的ZrO 2 相比，纳米管表面具有良好的延伸和良好的细胞形态。此外，MTT分析显示，与粗糙化的ZrO 2 2 表面具有显着高的细胞增殖能力>孵育7天后。

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