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首页> 外文期刊>RSC Advances >Beauveria bassiana (Clavicipitaceae): a potent fungal agent for controlling mosquito vectors of Anopheles stephensi, Culex quinquefasciatus and Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae)
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Beauveria bassiana (Clavicipitaceae): a potent fungal agent for controlling mosquito vectors of Anopheles stephensi, Culex quinquefasciatus and Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae)

机译：球孢白僵菌（Berveria bassiana）（Clavicipitaceae）：一种有效的真菌剂，用于控制 Anopheles stephensi ， Culex quinquefasciatus 和埃及伊蚊的蚊子>（双翅目：Cu科）

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Mosquitoes are the carriers of severe and well-known illnesses such as malaria, arboviral encephalitis, dengue, chikungunya and yellow fever, which cause significant morbidity and mortality in humans and domestic animals around the world. Entomopathogenic fungal metabolites act as a mosquito control agent and are potential alternatives to chemical control because they can be innovative and more selective than chemical insecticides. The main aim of the present study was to perform experiments on the larvicidal and pupicidal effects of the entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana (isolated from infected grasshopper) against the first to fourth instar larvae of Anopheles stephensi, Culex quinquefasciatus and Aedes aegypti. The larval and pupal mortality were observed after 24 h of exposure. The efficacy of an ethyl acetate mycelium extract at all the tested concentrations (50, 100, 150, 200, 250 and 300 μg mL?1) exhibited better activity against the 1st to 4th instar larvae of An. stephensi (LC50 = 42.82, 39.45, 25.72, and 32.66; LC90 = 254.67, 367.11, 182.27, and 199.20 μg mL?1), Cx. quinquefasciatus (LC50 = 72.38, 68.11, 27.06, and 35.495; LC90 = 481.68, 254.69, 129.83, and 146.24 μg mL?1) and Ae. aegypti (LC50 = 62.50, 52.89, 58.60, and 47.12; LC90 = 314.82, 236.18, 247.53, and 278.52 μg mL?1), respectively. The pupicidal activity of the fungal mycelium extracts was tested against An. stephensi, Cx. quinquefasciatus and Ae. Aegypti, where the ethyl acetate extracts had different LC50 values (LC50 = 40.66, 54.06, 44.26, and LC90 = 184.02, 225.61, and 263.02 μg mL?1). Based on Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analyses, the ethyl acetate mycelium extract contained six major chemical compounds identified as 9,12-octadecadienoic acid (ZZ)– (63.16%), n-hexadecanoic acid (21.28%), octadecanoic acid, phenyl methyl ester (10.45%), dehydroegosterol 3,5-dinitrobenzoate (1.86%), squalene (1.66%) and bis[3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)prophyl]maleate (1.56%). The n-hexadecanoic acid standard was found to be better larvicidal against An. stephensi, Cx. quinquefasciatus, followed by Ae. aegypti. The HPLC analysis of the ethyl acetate mycelium extract was compared with that of the n-hexadecanoic acid standard and it was found to show a similar chromatographic peak (at a retention time of 3.383 and 3.378 min). The outcome of the present study identifies the bioactive compounds obtained from B. bassiana that can be used as effective and alternate larvicidal and pupicidal agents against the An. stephensi Cx. quinquefasciatus and Ae. aegypti mosquito vectors.
机译：蚊子是诸如疟疾，虫媒病毒性脑炎，登革热，基孔肯雅热和黄热病等严重且众所周知的疾病的携带者，这些疾病在世界各地的人类和家畜中引起大量发病和死亡。病原性真菌代谢产物可作为灭蚊剂，是化学防治的潜在替代品，因为它们比化学杀虫剂具有创新性和选择性。本研究的主要目的是进行昆虫病原真菌（从受感染的蚱hopper中分离）对杀虫按蚊的第一至第四龄幼虫的杀幼虫和杀螨作用。 / em>，库蚊（Culex quinquefasciatus）和埃及伊蚊（emeda aegypti）。暴露24小时后观察到幼虫和p的死亡率。在所有测试浓度（50、100、150、200、250和300μgmL ？1 ）上的乙酸乙酯菌丝体提取物的功效均显示出对1 An的4个 龄幼虫的 st 。 stephensi （LC 50 = 42.82、39.45、25.72和32.66; LC 90 = 254.67 ，367.11、182.27和199.20μgmL ？1 ）， Cx。 quinquefasciatus （LC 50 = 72.38、68.11、27.06和35.495; LC 90 = 481.68 ，254.69、129.83和146.24μgmL ？1 ）和 Ae。埃及（LC 50 = 62.50、52.89、58.60和47.12; LC 90 = 314.82 ，236.18、247.53和278.52μgmL ？1 ）。测试了真菌菌丝体提取物对 An的杀真菌活性。 stephensi ， Cx。 quinquefasciatus 和 Ae。 Aegypti ，其中乙酸乙酯提取物具有不同的LC 50 值（LC 50 = 40.66， 54.06、44.26和LC 90 = 184.02、225.61和263.02μgmL ？1 ）。根据傅立叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）分析和气相色谱-质谱（GC-MS）分析，乙酸乙酯菌丝体提取物包含六种主要化合物，分别为9,12-十八碳二烯酸（ZZ）–（63.16％）， n -十六烷酸（21.28％），十八烷酸，苯基甲酯（10.45％），脱氢egegolol 3,5-二硝基苯甲酸酯（1.86％），角鲨烯（1.66％）和双[3-（3 ，5-二-叔叔丁基-4-羟基苯基）马来酸酯（1.56％）。发现 n -十六烷酸标准品对 An的杀幼虫性更好。 stephensi ， Cx。 quinquefasciatus ，然后是 Ae。埃及。将乙酸乙酯菌丝体提取物的HPLC分析与 n -十六烷酸标准品的HPLC分析进行比较，发现其显示出相似的色谱峰（保留时间为3.383和3.378分钟）。本研究的结果确定了从 B获得的生物活性化合物。可以用作有效和替代杀幼虫剂和杀agents剂的鲈鱼。史蒂芬斯quinquefasciatus 和 Ae。埃及蚊子。

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