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PdZn nanoparticle electrocatalysts synthesized by solution combustion for methanol oxidation reaction in an alkaline medium

机译：碱性介质中溶液燃烧合成甲醇氧化反应的PdZn纳米粒子电催化剂

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Herein, we report the synthesis of PdZn nanoparticle (NP) electrocatalysts for the methanol oxidation reaction (MOR). The PdZn NPs were synthesized by solution combustion synthesis in the presence of Pd(NO3)2·xH2O, Zn(NO3)2·6H2O and glycine in H2O, where glycine acted as a fuel. In this synthesis, the glycine amount was varied with a fixed stoichiometric ratio of Pd- and Zn-precursors at 1?:?1 to obtain two electrocatalysts (PdZn/C) of fuel-high (glycine to metal nitrate ratio = 1.75), PdZn/C (1.75) and fuel-low (glycine to metal nitrate ratio = 0.5), PdZn/C (0.5). The NPs were characterized by X-ray diffractometry, transmission electron microscopy and scanning electron microscopy for the crystallite size, morphology and elemental composition of the electrocatalysts. High-angle annular dark-field-scanning transmission electron microscopy coupled to energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy was used to obtain the elemental distribution maps of the aggregated NPs, which confirmed the NPs with Pd and Zn in the alloyed state. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy was performed to analyze the electronic structures of the elements in the samples. The NPs were then applied in the electrocatalysis for MOR in an alkaline medium. We found that PdZn/C showed an improved electrocatalytic activity by a factor of ～1.4–1.9 in comparison with Pd/C synthesized using the same method. The MOR on PdZn/C (1.75) began at an earlier onset potential and higher current density than for Pd/C and PdZn/C (0.5). Stability tests were performed by chronoamperometry on PdZn/C and Pd/C, and the results showed a higher stability of PdZn/C (1.75) compared to PdZn/C (0.5) and Pd/C. The fuel amount affected the NP sizes, reaction yield and electrocatalytic properties.
机译：在这里，我们报告了甲醇氧化反应（MOR）的PdZn纳米粒子（NP）电催化剂的合成。在Pd（NO 3 ） 2 · x H 2 O，Zn（NO 3 ） 2 ·6H 2 O和甘氨酸在H 2 O中起作用，甘氨酸起作用作为燃料。在该合成中，甘氨酸的量随Pd和Zn前体的化学计量比固定为1？：？1而变化，从而获得两种燃料高的电催化剂（PdZn / C）（甘氨酸与金属硝酸盐之比= 1.75）， PdZn / C（1.75）和低燃油（甘氨酸与金属硝酸盐之比= 0.5），PdZn / C（0.5）。通过X射线衍射，透射电子显微镜和扫描电子显微镜对NP进行表征，以测定电催化剂的微晶尺寸，形态和元素组成。高能环形暗场扫描透射电镜结合能量色散X射线光谱法获得了聚集的NP的元素分布图，证实了Pd和Zn处于合金态的NP。进行了X射线光电子能谱分析样品中元素的电子结构。然后将NP用于碱性介质中的MOR电催化。我们发现，与使用相同方法合成的Pd / C相比，PdZn / C的电催化活性提高了约1.4-1.9。与Pd / C和PdZn / C（0.5）相比，PdZn / C（1.75）上的MOR从更早的发生电位和更高的电流密度开始。通过计时电流法对PdZn / C和Pd / C进行了稳定性测试，结果显示，与PdZn / C（0.5）和Pd / C相比，PdZn / C（1.75）的稳定性更高。燃料量影响NP尺寸，反应产率和电催化性能。

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