Hierarchical porous carbons with high surface area were prepared by direct carbonization of the polymers which were synthesized via a typical sol–gel method, using terephthalaldehyde and resorcinol as carbon precursors, and metal chloride as reaction assistant. All the metal chlorides could efficiently help to form 3-D porous network carbon with inter-linking irregular particles, and also successfully contribute to the developing of meso-macropores through the packing of grains. Such hierarchical porosity plays an important role for rapid ion diffusion, resulting in an excellent rate capability and low diffusion resistance. Moreover, it should be noted that ZnCl2 could also act as an in situ activation agent during the carbonization process to generate large surface area of 1106 m2 g?1 and pore volume of 1.2 cm3 g?1. In 3 mol L?1 H2SO4, high specific capacitance of 174.6 F g?1 by using the ZnCl2-assisted hierarchical porous carbon as electrode material is obtained and it could retain ca. 84% when the current density increases from 0.1 A g?1 to 20 A g?1. This superior rate capability is higher than that of many hierarchical porous carbons reported in previous literatures. The facile production and excellent electrochemical performance suggested a low cost and effective method to prepare hierarchical porous carbon for energy storage.
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机译：通过将典型的溶胶-凝胶法合成的聚合物直接碳化，以对苯二甲醛和间苯二酚为碳前驱体，并以金属氯化物为反应助剂，通过直接碳化制备高比表面积的多孔碳。所有的金属氯化物都可以有效地帮助形成具有相互连接的不规则颗粒的3-D多孔网络碳，并且还可以通过谷物的堆积而成功地促进了介孔大孔的发展。这种分级的孔隙度对于快速的离子扩散起着重要的作用，从而导致极好的速率能力和较低的扩散阻力。此外，应该指出的是，ZnCl 2 在碳化过程中还可以作为原位活化剂，从而产生1106的大表面积。 m 2 g ？1 ，孔体积为1.2 cm 3 g ？1 。在3摩尔L ？1 H 2 SO 4 ，使用ZnCl 2 辅助分级多孔碳，具有174.6 F g ？1 的高比电容当电流密度从0.1 A g ？1 增加到20 A g <时，获得的电极材料可以保留 ca。 84％。 small> ？1 。这种优越的速率能力高于以前文献中报道的许多分级多孔碳的速率能力。简便的生产和出色的电化学性能表明，低成本和有效的方法可以制备用于储能的分级多孔碳。
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