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Magnetic hollow carbon microspheres as a reusable adsorbent for rhodamine B removal

机译：磁性空心碳微球可作为可重复使用的吸附剂，用于去除若丹明B

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Magnetic hollow carbon microspheres (MHCMs) were fabricated with a dual alternative constitution of cavities and porous carbon shells by a combination of microwave-assistant polycondensation and surfactant-free emulsion polymerization. The MHCM was characterized by transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis, vibrating sample magnetometry and N2 adsorption/desorption isotherms. The MHCMs possessed features of uniform morphologies, high surface area (680 m2 g?1), large pore volume (0.61 cm3 g?1) and magnetic responsiveness. The MHCMs were used as an adsorbent to remove rhodamine B (RB). The removal efficiency of RB reached 99.5% and the adsorption capacity of the MHCMs reached as high as 300 mg g?1. The adsorption process followed the Langmuir isotherm very well. The enthalpy change was 28.35 kJ mol?1. The negative free energy change indicated that the adsorption process was feasible and spontaneous. The positive entropy change showed that there was an increase in disorder in the adsorption system. The removal process was endothermic and interaction controlled. The adsorption kinetics fitted well with the pseudo-second-order kinetics model. The removal efficiency of RB remained over 90% after six consecutive cycles, which demonstrated the high adsorption performance and favourable reusability of the MHCMs.
机译：通过结合微波辅助缩聚反应和无表面活性剂乳液聚合，制造出具有空腔和多孔碳壳双重替代构造的磁性空心碳微球（MHCM）。 MHCM的特征在于透射电子显微镜，X射线衍射，热重分析，振动样品磁力分析和N 2 吸附/解吸等温线。 MHCM具有均匀的形貌，高表面积（680 m 2 g ？1 ），大孔隙的特征体积（0.61 cm 3 g ？1 ）和磁响应性。 MHCM被用作吸附剂以去除若丹明B（RB）。 RB的去除效率达到99.5％，MHCMs的吸附容量高达300 mg g ？1 。吸附过程很好地遵循了Langmuir等温线。焓变为28.35 kJ mol ？1 。负的自由能变化表明吸附过程是可行和自发的。熵的正变化表明吸附系统的无序性增加。去除过程是吸热的并且相互作用受控。吸附动力学与拟二级动力学模型非常吻合。连续六个循环后，RB的去除效率保持在90％以上，这表明MHCM具有很高的吸附性能和良好的可重复使用性。

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