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Effect of pyrolysis temperature on sulfur content, extractable fraction and release of sulfate in corn straw biochar

机译：热解温度对玉米秸秆生物炭中硫含量，提取率和硫酸盐释放的影响

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The contents and release of the nutrient elements N, P and K in biochars have been investigated. Sulfur is an indispensable element for plants, but its content and release in biochar are still unclear. The effect of pyrolysis temperature (300, 500 and 700 °C) on the sulfur content, extractable fraction and release of sulfate in corn straw biochars (CS300, CS500 and CS700) was investigated. The biochars were characterized using element analysis, BET, FTIR, and XRD. It was shown that the contents of sulfur in biochars decreased significantly with increasing pyrolysis temperature. The extraction results indicated that the percentages of water extractable-sulfate (W–SO _(4) ~(2?) ) and organosulfur in biochars decreased while those of HCl- and NaH _(2) PO _(4) -extractable sulfate (HCl–SO _(4) ~(2?) , NaH _(2) PO _(4) –SO _(4) ~(2?) ) increased with pyrolysis temperature. Batch release experiments were conducted to test the effect of contact time and addition of Hoagland nutrient solution (HNS) on the release of sulfate from biochars. The release kinetics fitted well with a pseudo-second-order model. Approximately 10.7 mg g ~(?1) of sulfate was released from CS300 during the initial 2 h, whereas 6.32 and 3.93 mg g ~(?1) were released from CS500 and CS700, respectively. Increasing the amounts of HNS led to negative effects on sulfate release. The results indicate that low-temperatures might be optimal for producing biochar from corn straw to improve the sulfur fertilization.
机译：已经研究了生物炭中营养元素N，P和K的含量和释放。硫是植物必不可少的元素，但其在生物炭中的含量和释放仍不清楚。研究了热解温度（300、500和700°C）对玉米秸秆生物炭（CS300，CS500和CS700）中硫含量，可萃取级分和硫酸盐释放的影响。使用元素分析，BET，FTIR和XRD对生物炭进行表征。结果表明，随着热解温度的升高，生物炭中的硫含量明显降低。提取结果表明，生物炭中水可萃取硫酸盐（W–SO _（4）〜（2？））和有机硫的百分比降低，而HCl和NaH _（2）PO _（4）可萃取硫酸盐的百分比降低。 （HCl–SO _（4）〜（2？），NaH _（2）PO _（4）–SO _（4）〜（2？））随着热解温度的升高而增加。进行批量释放实验以测试接触时间和Hoagland营养液（HNS）的添加对生物炭中硫酸盐释放的影响。释放动力学与拟二阶模型非常吻合。在最初的2小时内，从CS300释放出约10.7 mg g〜（？1）的硫酸盐，而从CS500和CS700分别释放出6.32和3.93 mg g〜（？1）。 HNS含量的增加导致硫酸盐释放的负面影响。结果表明，低温可能是从玉米秸秆生产生物炭改善硫肥的最佳选择。

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