As a result of extensive research efforts by several research groups, magnetite-based materials have gained enormous attention in diverse fields including biomedicine, catalysis, energy and data storage devices, magnetic resonance imaging, and environmental remediation. Owing to their low production cost, ease of modification, biocompatibility, and superparamagnetism, the use of these materials for the abatement of environmental toxicants has been increasing continuously. Here we focus on the recent advances in the use of magnetite-based adsorbents for removal of radionuclides (such as 137Cs(I), 155Eu(III), 90Sr(II), 238U(VI), etc.) from diverse aqueous phases. This review summarizes the preparation and surface modification of magnetite-based adsorbents, their physicochemical properties, adsorption behavior and mechanism, and diverse conventional and recent environmental technological options for the treatment of water contaminated with radionuclides. In addition, case studies for the removal of radionuclides from actual contaminated sites are discussed, and finally the optimization of magnetite-based remedial solutions is presented for practical application.
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机译：由于多个研究小组的广泛研究努力，基于磁铁矿的材料在生物医学，催化，能量和数据存储设备，磁共振成像和环境修复等各个领域都引起了极大的关注。由于它们的低生产成本，易于修饰，生物相容性和超顺磁性，这些材料用于消除环境有毒物质的用途一直在不断增加。在这里，我们重点介绍使用磁铁矿基吸附剂去除放射性核素（例如 137 Cs（ I ），< small> 155 Eu（ III ）， 90 Sr（ II ）， 238 U（ VI ），等）。这篇综述总结了磁铁矿基吸附剂的制备和表面改性，其理化性质，吸附行为和机理，以及用于处理被放射性核素污染的水的各种常规和近期环境技术选择。此外，还讨论了从实际污染场所去除放射性核素的案例研究，最后提出了基于磁铁矿的补救方案的优化方案，以供实际应用。
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