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Design of ultrathin hybrid membranes with improved retention efficiency of molecular dyes

机译：具有提高分子染料保留效率的超薄杂化膜的设计

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Ultrathin layers of 2,2,6,6-Tetramethyl-1-piperidinyloxy (TEMPO) Oxidized Cellulose Nanofibers (TOCNF) embedded with Graphene Oxide nanosheets (GOs) in different ratios were built, via the blade coating technique, on a polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) substrate to obtain superior membranes for separating water pollutants from aqueous media. Cellulose nanofiber–graphene oxide hybrid materials have shown a great potential for water purification due to their active microporous structure with extended areas rich in negatively charged carboxyl functional groups capable of adsorbing positively charged contaminants efficiently. In contrast to the pristine free-standing TOCNF films, which are completely impermeable, the ultrathin (68 nm thick) hybrid coating with a 100?:?1 TOCNF?:?GO ratio showed a stable water permeability (816 ± 3.4 L m ~(?2) h ~(?1) bar ~(?1) ) higher than that of common polymeric membranes, and a very efficient size selectivity during filtration of water contaminated by various types of dyes. The membranes had high retention efficiency (82–99%) for dyes with hydrated radii greater than ≈0.5 nm due to the favorable combination of electrostatic/hydrophobic interactions with the hybrid matrices and steric entrapment controlled by the pore size. This was confirmed by theoretical calculations that revealed both the structure and dynamic behavior of the dyes in the complex environment of the membranes.
机译：通过刮刀涂布技术，在聚偏二氟乙烯（FLU）上以不同的比例构建了嵌入有不同比例的石墨烯氧化物纳米片（GOs）的2,2,6,6-四甲基-1-哌啶基氧基（TEMPO）氧化纤维素纳米纤维（TOCNF）的超薄层。 PVDF）基材以获得用于从水介质中分离水污染物的优异膜。纤维素纳米纤维-氧化石墨烯杂化材料由于具有活跃的微孔结构，并具有丰富的带负电荷的羧基官能团的扩展区域，能够有效地吸附带正电荷的污染物，因此具有广阔的净水潜力。与完全不渗透的原始自立式TOCNF薄膜相反，具有100？：？1 TOCNF？：？GO比率的超薄（68 nm厚）杂化涂层显示出稳定的水渗透性（816±3.4 L m〜比普通的聚合物膜高（（2）h（〜1）bar（（1））），并且在过滤各种类型的染料污染的水时具有非常有效的尺寸选择性。由于静电/疏水相互作用与杂化基体以及受孔径控制的空间截留的良好结合，膜对水合半径大于约0.5 nm的染料具有很高的保留效率（82-99％）。理论计算证实了这一点，该计算揭示了在复杂的膜环境中染料的结构和动力学行为。

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