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首页> 外文期刊>RSC Advances >Understanding the phyto-interaction of heavy metal oxide bulk and nanoparticles: evaluation of seed germination, growth, bioaccumulation, and metallothionein production
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Understanding the phyto-interaction of heavy metal oxide bulk and nanoparticles: evaluation of seed germination, growth, bioaccumulation, and metallothionein production

机译：了解重金属氧化物块和纳米颗粒的植物相互作用：评估种子发芽，生长，生物富集和金属硫蛋白的生产

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The fast-growing use of nano-based products without proper care has led to a major public health concern. Nanomaterials contaminating the environment pose serious threat to the productivity of plants and via food chain to human health. Realizing these, four vegetable crops, radish, cucumber, tomato, and alfalfa, were exposed to varying concentrations of heavy metal oxide (TiO _(2) , ZnO, Al _(2) O _(3) and CuO) submicron or bulk (BPs) and nanoparticles (NPs) to assess their impact on relative seed germination (RSG), seed surface adsorption, root/shoot tolerance index (RTI/STI), bioaccumulation, and metallothioneins (MTs) production. The results revealed a clear inhibition of RSG, RTI, and STI, which, however, varied between species of metal-specific nanoparticles and plants. SEM and EDX analyses showed significant adsorption of MONP agglomerates on seed surfaces. The concentration of metals detected by EDX differed among vegetables. Among the metals, Al, Cu, Ti, and Zn were found maximum in alfalfa (12.46%), tomato (23.2%), cucumber (6.32%) and radish (21.74%). Of the four metal oxides, ZnO was found most inhibitory to all vegetables and was followed by CuO. The absorption/accumulation of undesirable levels of MONPs in seeds and seedlings differed with variation in dose rates, and was found to be maximum (1748–2254 μg g ~(?1) dry weight) in ZnO-NPs application. Among MONPs, the uptake of TiO _(2) was minimum (2 to 140 μg g ~(?1) ) in radish seedlings. The concentration of MTs induced by ZnO-NPs, ZnO-BPs, and CuO-NPs ranged between 52 and 136 μ mol MTs g ~(?1) FW in vegetal organs. Conclusively, the present findings indicated that both the nanosize and chemical composition of MONPs are equally dangerous for vegetable production. Hence, the accumulation of MONPs, specifically ZnO and CuO, in edible plant organs in reasonable amounts poses a potential environmental risk which, however, requires urgent attention to circumvent such toxic problems.
机译：在没有适当护理的情况下，纳米产品的快速增长使用引起了公众的重大关注。污染环境的纳米材料对植物的生产力以及通过食物链对人类健康构成了严重威胁。在意识到这些之后，萝卜，黄瓜，番茄和苜蓿这四种蔬菜作物都暴露于不同浓度的亚微米或散装重金属氧化物（TiO _（2），ZnO，Al _（2）O _（3）和CuO）中。 （BPs）和纳米颗粒（NPs）来评估它们对种子相对发芽（RSG），种子表面吸附，根/茎耐受指数（RTI / STI），生物积累和金属硫蛋白（MTs）生产的影响。结果揭示了对RSG，RTI和STI的明显抑制作用，但是这些抑制作用在金属特异性纳米粒子的种类和植物之间有所不同。 SEM和EDX分析表明MONP团块在种子表面上有明显的吸附。 EDX检测到的金属浓度在蔬菜中有所不同。在这些金属中，苜蓿（12.46％），番茄（23.2％），黄瓜（6.32％）和萝卜（21.74％）中的铝，铜，钛和锌含量最高。在四种金属氧化物中，发现ZnO对所有蔬菜的抑制作用最大，其次是CuO。种子和幼苗中MONPs的不良吸收/积累量随剂量率的变化而变化，在ZnO-NPs的应用中发现最大（1748–2254μgg〜（？1）干重）。在MONPs中，萝卜幼苗对TiO _（2）的吸收最小（2至140μgg〜（？1））。 ZnO-NPs，ZnO-BPs和CuO-NPs在植物器官中引起的MTs浓度在52和136μmol MTs g〜（？1）FW之间。结论是，目前的发现表明，MONPs的纳米尺寸和化学成分对蔬菜生产都同样危险。因此，MONP，特别是ZnO和CuO在合理数量的可食用植物器官中的积累构成了潜在的环境风险，然而，迫切需要注意避免此类毒性问题。

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