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Magnetically retrievable Ce-doped Fe3O4 nanoparticles as scaffolds for the removal of azo dyes

机译：磁性可回收铈掺杂的Fe3O4纳米颗粒作为支架，用于去除偶氮染料

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摘要

Considering the significant impact of magnetically retrievable nanostructures, herein, Fe _(3) O _(4) and Ce-doped Fe _(3) O _(4) nanoparticles were employed as scaffolds for the removal of the Reactive Black 5 (RB5) azo dye. We synthesized the Ce-doped Fe _(3) O _(4) nanoparticles via hydrothermal treatment at 120 °C for 10 h with varying cerium concentrations (1.5–3.5%) and characterized them using basic techniques such as FTIR and UV-visible spectroscopy, and XRD analysis. The retention of their magnetic behaviors even after cerium amalgamation was demonstrated and confirmed by the VSM results. FESEM and EDX were used for the morphological and purity analysis of the synthesized nanoabsorbents. XPS was carried out to determine the electronic configuration of the synthesized samples. The porosity of the magnetic nanoparticles was investigated by BET analysis, and subsequently, the most porous sample was further used in the adsorption studies for the cleanup of RB5 from wastewater. The dye adsorption studies were probed via UV-visible spectroscopy, which indicated the removal efficiency of 87%. The prepared Ce-doped Fe _(3) O _(4) nanoabsorbent showed the high adsorption capacity of 84.58 mg g ~(?1) towards RB5 in 40 min. This is attributed to the electrostatic interactions between the nanoabsorbent and the dye molecules and high porosity of the prepared sample. The adsorption mechanism was also analyzed. The kinetic data well-fitted the pseudo-first-order model, and the adsorption capability at different equilibrium concentrations of the dye solution indicated monolayer formation and chemisorption phenomena. Furthermore, the magnetic absorbent could be rapidly separated from the wastewater using an external magnetic field after adsorption.
机译：考虑到磁性可回收纳米结构的重大影响，在本文中，使用Fe _（3）O _（4）和Ce掺杂的Fe _（3）O _（4）纳米颗粒作为支架去除活性黑5（RB5） ）偶氮染料。我们通过在120°C下水热处理10 h，在不同的铈浓度（1.5–3.5％）下合成Ce掺杂的Fe _（3）O _（4）纳米颗粒，并使用诸如FTIR和紫外可见的基本技术对其进行了表征。光谱学和XRD分析。 VSM结果证明并证实了铈混合后其磁行为的保留。 FESEM和EDX用于合成纳米吸收剂的形态和纯度分析。进行XPS以确定合成样品的电子构型。通过BET分析研究了磁性纳米颗粒的孔隙率，随后，将多孔性最高的样品进一步用于吸附研究中，以从废水中净化RB5。染料吸附研究通过紫外-可见光谱进行了探测，表明去除效率为87％。制备的Ce掺杂Fe_（3）O_（4）纳米吸收剂在40分钟内显示出对RB5的高吸附能力，为84.58 mg g〜（？1）。这归因于纳米吸收剂和染料分子之间的静电相互作用以及所制备样品的高孔隙率。还分析了吸附机理。动力学数据很好地拟合了拟一阶模型，并且在染料溶液的不同平衡浓度下的吸附能力表明了单层形成和化学吸附现象。此外，在吸附之后，可以使用外部磁场将磁吸收剂与废水快速分离。

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