The value of a special enriched breakfast cereal in feeding elementary school children was studied during the school year 1943 to 1944 and again during 1944 to 1945. The children used in the investigation were among those receiving a school lunch upon the advice of a physician or nurse in the school system of which the children were a part, because they had been found to be more than 10% underweight during the fall routine medical examination. Their home dietaries were inadequate, as shown by calculations and by medical and nutritional observations on the children themselves, and the school lunches failed to compensate for the poor home food intake. The duration of the study during each school year was seven months. None of the persons making the technical evaluations knew to which experimental group individual children belonged.Methods of the StudyExperimental Subjects : During each of the two years during which the study proceeded, three groups of children constituted the experimental subjects, as stated; these averaged slightly over 11 years of age, and were matched initially as to age, sex, response to the medical observations and nutrition tests, family economic status, and type of school lunch received. The children were grouped as follows in this investigation: In addition to the school lunch, Group A received the enriched cereal; Group B received a common farina of equal caloric value; and Group C received no cereal at school. Of 55 children initially in each of the three experimental groups during the first
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