A new instrument for the detection of the postauricular myogenic (PAM) response was used to test the hearing of 106 infants weighing ≤1,500 g when they were aged 1 to 21 months. Eighty-eight infants showed a positive response at 60 dB hearing level (HL) (normal). The other 18 did not respond; four were found to have sensory neural hearing loss and another six had conductive loss due to secretory otitis media. Of the 106 children, 90 aged 2 years or more (mean 27 months) were living in the United Kingdom, and their language development was assessed. It was normal in 67/75 children whose PAM response had been normal in infancy. The remaining eight children with normal PAM responses in infancy, had language delay. All eight children had problems that were thought to account for the delay, including three with mental retardation, three with cerebral palsy, and two whose families did not speak English. Language development was normal in 11/15 children tested whose PAM responses had been found to be abnormal, including all six whose secretory otitis media had been diagnosed and treated at the time of the PAM test. Delay in language development was found in 3/4 children with sensory neural hearing loss who were available for testing and in one child with overall developmental delay. It is concluded that a positive PAM response at 60 dB HL in infancy indicated hearing adequate for the development of normal speech in otherwise normal children among a group of infants at high risk of hearing loss.
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机译：一种用于检测耳后肌源性（PAM）反应的新仪器用于测试106例体重≤1,500 g的婴儿在1至21个月大时的听力。 88名婴儿在60 dB听力水平（HL）时显示阳性反应（正常）。其他18个没有回应;发现4例由于分泌性中耳炎而导致感觉神经性听力损失，另外6例因传导性中耳炎而导致传导性损失。在106名儿童中，有90名年龄在2岁或以上（平均27个月）的儿童居住在英国，并对其语言发展进行了评估。在婴儿期PAM反应正常的67/75名儿童中，这是正常的。其余8名婴儿中PAM反应正常的儿童出现语言延迟。所有八名儿童都有被认为是造成延迟的问题，其中三名患有智力低下，三名患有脑瘫，还有两个家庭不讲英语。在11/15接受测试的儿童中，发现其PAM反应异常的语言发展正常，包括在进行PAM测试时已诊断并治疗了分泌性中耳炎的所有6名儿童。在可以进行测试的3/4名感觉神经性听力丧失儿童中发现了语言发展的延迟，而在整体发育延迟中有1名儿童发现了语言发展的延迟。结论是，婴儿期60 dB HL的PAM阳性反应表明，在听力损失高风险的一组婴儿中，正常儿童的听力足以发育正常的语音。
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