Objective. Methylxanthines are among the most commonly prescribed drugs in neonatal intensive care. This study evaluates the effect of caffeine on oxygen consumption and metabolic rate in premature infants with idiopathic apnea.Methods. Eighteen preterm infants at gestational ages from 28 to 33 weeks and birth weights of 890 to 1680 g were enrolled in the study. Nine preterm infants received caffeine therapy, and 9 served as a control group. Oxygen consumption and energy expenditure were examined before, during, and after caffeine treatment.Results. Oxygen consumption increased significantly from 7.0 ± 0.9 before caffeine to 8.8 ± 0.7 mL/kg/min after 48 hours of caffeine therapy, and energy expenditure increased from 2.1 ± 0.3 to 3.0 ± 0.2 kcal/kg/hour. During the observation period of 4 weeks of caffeine treatment, oxygen consumption increased significantly in the caffeine group compared with the control patients. In the caffeine group, a lower environmental temperature was sufficient to maintain a normal body temperature. With similar caloric intake in both groups during the study period, daily weight gain in the control group was significantly higher (21 ± 4 vs 42 ± 2 g/d). None of the other parameters recorded changed during caffeine therapy.Conclusion. Long-term administration of caffeine in preterm infants is associated with an increase in oxygen consumption and with a reduction of weight gain. This may have implications for clinical practice as nutritional regimens need to be adjusted during this therapy.
展开▼
机译：目的。甲基黄嘌呤是新生儿重症监护中最常用的处方药。本研究评估了咖啡因对特发性呼吸暂停婴儿早产儿耗氧量和代谢率的影响。该研究纳入了18个胎龄为28至33周，出生体重为890至1680 g的早产儿。 9例早产儿接受了咖啡因治疗，其中9例为对照组。在咖啡因治疗之前，期间和之后检查氧气消耗和能量消耗。耗氧量从咖啡因前的7.0±0.9显着增加到咖啡因治疗48小时后的8.8±0.7 mL / kg / min，能量消耗从2.1±0.3增至3.0±0.2 kcal / kg /小时。在咖啡因治疗的4周观察期内，与对照组相比，咖啡因组的耗氧量显着增加。在咖啡因组中，较低的环境温度足以维持正常的体温。在研究期间，两组的卡路里摄入量相似，对照组的日增重明显更高（21±4 vs 42±2 g / d）。咖啡因治疗期间记录的其他参数均未改变。结论。早产儿长期服用咖啡因与氧气消耗增加和体重增加减少有关。这可能会对临床实践产生影响，因为在此治疗期间需要调整营养方案。
展开▼
