BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Knowledge regarding lung function after moderately preterm birth is limited. We therefore investigated lung function at early school age and adolescence among children born moderately preterm.METHODS: Data were used from the Swedish prospective birth cohort BAMSE (Swedish abbreviation for Children, Allergy, Milieu, Stockholm, Epidemiology study; N = 4089), with a 4.8% prevalence of moderate to late preterm birth defined as a gestational age of 32 to 36 weeks. Participants underwent spirometry at ages 8 and 16 years, and impulse oscillometry additionally at age 16 years. In total, 2621 children (149 preterm and 2472 term) provided lung function data.RESULTS: At age 8 years, adjusted forced expiratory volume in 1 second was lower in preterm female subjects (–64 mL [95% confidence interval (CI): –118 to –10]) compared with term female subjects but not in preterm male subjects. At age 16 years, both genders in the preterm group demonstrated lower forced expiratory volume in 1 second (female subjects: –116 mL [95% CI: –212 to –20]; male subjects: –177 mL [95% CI: –329 to –25]) compared with the term group. For the preterm group, impulse oscillometry demonstrated higher adjusted resistance at 5 Hz (female subjects: 31.3 Pa·L–1·s?1 [95% CI: 6.3 to 56.3]; male subjects: 34.9 Pa·L–1·s?1 [95% CI: 12.0 to 57.7]) and frequency dependence of resistance (resistance at 5 and 20 Hz) for male subjects (20.9 Pa·L–1·s?1 [95% CI: 9.8 to 31.9]) compared with the term group.CONCLUSIONS: Measures of airway function assessed in adolescence were reduced in children born moderate to late preterm, and no catch-up in lung function between ages 8 and 16 years was observed.
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机译：背景与目的：关于中度早产后肺功能的知识是有限的。因此，我们调查了中等早产儿在早期学龄和青春期的肺功能。方法：数据来自瑞典前瞻性出生队列BAMSE（瑞典儿童缩写，变态反应，Milieu，斯德哥尔摩，流行病学研究; N = 4089），中度至晚期早产的患病率为4.8％，定义为32至36周的胎龄。参与者分别在8岁和16岁时进行了肺活量测定，并在16岁时进行了脉冲示波法。总共有2621名儿童（149名早产儿和2472名足月儿）提供了肺功能数据。结果：在8岁时，早产女性受试者的1秒调整后的呼气量较低（–64 mL [95％置信区间（CI）： –118至–10]）与足月女性受试者比较，但未与早产男性受试者比较。在16岁时，早产组中的男女都显示出1秒内较低的强制呼气量（女性受试者：–116 mL [95％CI：–212至–20];男性受试者：–177 mL [95％CI：– 329至–25]）。对于早产组，脉冲示波法显示在5 Hz时更高的调整电阻（女性受试者：31.3 Pa·L-1·s？1 [95％CI：6.3至56.3];男性受试者：34.9 Pa·L-1·s？3？ 1 [95％CI：12.0至57.7]）和男性（20.9 Pa·L-1·s？1 [95％CI：9.8至31.9]）的电阻频率依赖性（5和20 Hz时的电阻）与频率相关结论：中度早产儿的青春期气道功能评估减少，并且未观察到8至16岁之间的肺功能追赶。
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