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Dynamical Evolution of Elliptical Galaxies with Central Singularities

机译:具有中心奇点的椭圆星系的动力学演化

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We study the effect of a massive central singularity on the structure of a triaxial galaxy using N-body simulations. Starting from a single initial model, we grow black holes with various final masses Mh and at various rates, ranging from impulsive to adiabatic. In all cases, the galaxy achieves a final shape that is nearly spherical at the center and close to axisymmetric throughout. However, the rate of change of the galaxy's shape depends strongly on the ratio Mh/Mg of black hole mass to galaxy mass. When Mh/Mg 0.3%, the galaxy evolves in shape on a timescale that exceeds 102 orbital periods, or roughly a galaxy lifetime. When Mh/Mg 2.5%, the galaxy becomes axisymmetric in little more than a crossing time. We propose that the rapid evolution toward axisymmetric shapes that occurs when Mh/Mg 2.5% provides a negative-feedback mechanism that limits the mass of central black holes by cutting off their supply of fuel.
机译:我们使用N体模拟研究了巨大的中心奇异点对三轴星系结构的影响。从单个初始模型开始,我们以各种最终质量Mh和以各种速率(从脉冲到绝热)生长黑洞。在所有情况下,星系的最终形状在中心都接近球形,并且在整个轴上都接近轴对称。但是,银河系形状的变化率很大程度上取决于黑洞质量与银河系质量的比率Mh / Mg。当Mh / Mg为0.3%时,星系会在超过102个轨道周期或大致星系寿命的时间尺度上发展形状。当Mh / Mg为2.5%时,星系在短于穿越时间后变成轴对称。我们提出当Mh / Mg 2.5%时发生的向轴对称形状的快速演变提供了一种负反馈机制,该机制通过切断中心黑洞的燃料供应来限制它们的质量。

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